Abstract: One aspect of the invention provides an apparatus including: a fluid-impermeable membrane configured to contain a fluid and be placed in the cavity; a light emitter provided within the membrane; and a fluid provided within the membrane, wherein the fluid scatters light emitted by the light emitter such that the intensity of the light is substantially uniform over the inner surface of the cavity proximal to the membrane.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and related methods of recapitulating bone marrow stroma using scaffold materials (e.g., a porous alginate hydrogel scaffold) containing one or more cellular differentiation factors, and one or more growth factors. Such methods and compositions promote the formation of an ectopic nodule or site that can improve transplanted cell engraftment and selectively drive the development of lymphocytes and the reconstitution of the adaptive immunity after hematopoietic stem cell transplant.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and compositions relating, in part, to the generation of human progenitor cells committed to the lung lineage and uses of such cells for treatment of lung diseases/disorders or injury to the lung. Whether an adult stem cell can be isolated from human adult lung remains controversial in the art and at present, methods for isolating and using adult lung stem cells from humans lack reproducibility. Thus, the methods and compositions described herein are advantageous over the present state of knowledge in the art and permit the generation of human lung progenitor cells for treatment, tissue engineering, and screening assays.

Abstract: A method of correcting distortion of an image, including: analyzing, by a processor, an image segment of the image to identify a speckle artifact, the image segment being obtained from a scanning imaging device; determining, by the processor, an aspect ratio of a shape of the speckle artifact; determining, by the processor, a correction factor for the shape of the speckle artifact based on the aspect ratio; and adjusting, by the processor, a dimension of the image segment based on the correction factor.

Abstract: Described are methods for enhancing exon skipping in a pre-mRNA of interest, comprising contacting the pre-mRNA with interfering oligonucleotides such as antisense, siRNA, and miRNA. The exon skipping methods are associated with methods of treating a variety of diseases and conditions, including cancer.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are described for the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis. Novel autoantigens are described for use in assays which employ test samples from individuals.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of diagnosing Rheumatoid arthritis in a subject comprising determining whether the subject is immunologically reactive with P. copri or a portion thereof. In one aspect of the invention the immunological reactivity of the subject to one or more protein of P. copri or polypeptide fragments thereof such as protein Pc-p27 or polypeptide fragments thereof, as compared to an appropriate control, indicates the subject has rheumatoid arthritis. Examples of specific assays, compositions, and kits for use with the methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods of reprogramming polyclonal T cells to maintain long-term persistence. The disclosure further provides methods of treatment, such as adoptive T cell transfer therapies, that harness Tscms for development of tumor-reactive T cells. In some embodiments, the disclosure provides methods and compositions for positive modulation of the Tscm-producing phenotype, e.g., positive modulation of TCF7 expression. Positive modulation of TCF7 expression allows for maintenance of an increased T number of stem-like T cells capable of both self-renewal and generation of differentiated, cytolytic progeny.

Abstract: Disclosed are peptide-fatty acid conjugates, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and methods of their medical use in the treatment of, e.g., a disease or condition associated with the PTHR1 signaling overactivity (e.g., hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, hyperparathyroidism, or Jansen's chondrodysplasia) or deficiency (e.g., hypoparathyroidism, hyperphosphatemia, osteoporosis, fracture repair, osteomalacia, arthritis, or thrombocytopenia).

Abstract: Methods and compositions for performing highly sensitive in vitro assays to define substrate preferences and off-target sites of nucleic-acid binding, modifying, and cleaving agents.

Abstract: The technology described herein is directed to compositions comprising components of multi-component CALs or CARs, e.g., a TCR recognition domain; and one or both of: (a) an intracellular signaling domain; and (b) a first-type protein interaction domain. Further provided herein are methods for treating or preventing an autoimmune disease, a transplant rejection, or graft versus host disease.

Abstract: An image correction system and method takes an initial volume reconstructed from a number of projections obtained by the imaging system as the sole input to the image correction system. In a first step, the image correction system reconstructs a number of reconstructed or forward projections from the initial volume. In a second and optionally concurrent step, the image correction system forms a corrected volume by applying an artificial intelligence/deep learning/convolutional neural network model to the initial volume. In a third step, the image correction system employs the forward projections and the corrected volume as inputs to an iterative reconstruction process to achieve an optimized volume as an output from the image correction system. The use of the initial volume as the only input to the image correction system simplifies the computational processes of the image processing system while providing an optimized image having improved detail and image quality.

Abstract: System and methods for treating and shaping a keratin fiber are provided. A light-based system includes an activation system configured with one or more light source. The light source is configured to apply electromagnetic radiation at a target region including the keratin fiber. The light-based system applies the electromagnetic radiation to the target region to effectuate photocrosslinking with the assistance of a photosensitizer on the keratin fiber and transition the keratin fiber from a first physical state to a second physical state.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for selective capture and release of target particles, e.g., living cells, from liquid samples, e.g., blood, are provided. The particle capture systems include a substrate; a first layer of gelatin bound to the substrate by physical adsorption, wherein the gelatin is functionalized with a plurality of first members of a binding pair; a second layer of gelatin wherein the gelatin is functionalized with a plurality of the first members of the binding pair and the second layer is bound to the first layer via a plurality of second members of the binding pair that are associated with the first members of the binding pair on both the first and the second layers; and a plurality of nanostructures bound to the second members of the binding pair and to one or more particle-binding moieties that selectively bind to the target particles.

Abstract: The inventions provide methods of manufacturing peroxide cross-linked and high temperature melted polymeric material, for example ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) containing vitamin E, total joint implants with high wear resistance, high oxidation resistance, and very low concentration of residual by-products, as well as products made thereby.

Abstract: Instances of a single brain computer interface (BCI) system can be implemented on multiple devices. An active instance can control the associated device. The instances can each communicate with a neural decoding system that can receive neural signals from a user, process the neural signals, and output a command based on the processed neural signals. A device running the active instance of can be in communication with the neural decoding system to receive a command. The device can include a display, a non-transitory memory storing instructions, and a processor to execute the instructions to: run an instance of a control program; and execute the task based on the command.

Abstract: A system for analyzing medical images to detect and classify a medical condition, the system includes an input for receiving a medical image, a convolutional neural network coupled to the input and configured to analyze the medical image to generate a prediction including a probability of the presence of the medical condition in the medical image and an atlas creation module coupled to the convolutional neural network and configured to generate an atlas comprising a set of image features and a set of training images. Each image feature is assigned with at least one training image associated with the medical condition. The system further includes a prediction basis selection module coupled to the convolutional neural network and the atlas and configured to create a prediction basis for the prediction generated by the convolutional neural network.

Abstract: Described herein are compositions comprising, and methods for using, biocompatible cold slurries and methods of administering the same to provide reversible inhibition of peripheral nerves in a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: An image analysis system including at least one processor and at least one memory is provided. The image analysis system is configured to receive image data associated with a brain of a patient, the image data including a first three-dimensional (3D) diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) image acquired using a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system and a second 3D DWI image, concurrently provide the first 3D DWI image to a first channel of a trained model and the second 3D DWI image to a second channel of the trained model, receive an indicator associated with the first 3D DWI image and the second 3D DWI image from the model, generate a report based on the indicator, and cause the report to be output to at least one of a memory or a display.

Abstract: In some embodiments, systems, methods, and media for capsule-based multimode endoscopy are provided. In some embodiments, a probe for capsule-based multimode endoscopy is provided, the probe comprising: a rigid capsule; a flexible tether coupled to a proximal end of the capsule; a rotatable reflective surface disposed within the capsule; a static ball lens disposed within the capsule; a first optical fiber optically coupled to the ball lens, the first optical fiber passing through the flexible tether; a second optical fiber optically coupled to the ball lens, the second optical fiber passing through the flexible tether; a graded index fiber disposed between a distal end of the second optical fiber and the ball lens, the graded index fiber optically coupled to the second optical fiber and the ball lens.