Abstract: A developing apparatus having a resilient developing roller for developing an image with a single-component toner includes a contacting mechanism for moving the developing roller into contact with a surface of an image carrier for developing the image and moving the developing roller in a forward direction at substantially the same speed as the image carrier. The width of a developing nip and a depth of bite between the image carrier and developing roller is set such that the traveling speed of the local portion of the developing roller that contacts the image carrier gradually decreases from a point at which contact starts and then gradually returns to the original speed. The width of the developing nip is at least 4 mm, the hardness of the developing roller is 20-40 degrees, the diameter of the developing roller is 40-100 mm, and the bite depth is equal to or greater than {fraction (1/100)} the radius of the developing roller.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for forming an electrophotographic image based on applying an AC voltage or a voltage obtained by superposing a DC voltage on an AC voltage to an electroconductive base of a sensitive medium having a photoconductive layer formed on the electroconductive base, bringing a grounded electroconductive or semi-electroconductive member into contact with or close to the surface of the sensitive medium to charge this surface to a predetermined polarity, and exposing the surface of the sensitive medium to an image to form an electrostatic image.

Abstract: A polyprenyl compound having formula (1) is stabilized by a tocopherol, an organic acid, a neutral amino acid or a basic amino acid: ##STR1## in which n is an integer of 1 to 3.

Abstract: A method for developing an electrostatic latent image comprises the steps of attracting a developer comprised of a magnetic toner and a magnetic carrier onto the surface of a sleeve with a magnet roll disposed therein, rotating the magnet roll and the sleeve in the direction opposite to the rotational direction of an image carrier to move the developer in the same direction as the sleeve, and supplying the developer onto the image carrier under an alternating electrical field and an alternating magnetic field to thereby conduct development. An apparatus for effecting the method comprises a casing for accommodating the developer; the magnet roll arranged to be rotated in the direction opposite to the rotational direction of image carrier; the sleeve arranged to be rotated in the same direction as the magnet roll; and an alternating electrical field applying means.

Abstract: A multilayer granule of the invention comprises a core, a slow-release layer, a rapid-release layer to be provided outer of said slow-release layer and a film layer containing a metal stearate and being deposited between the slow-release layer and the rapid-release layer. A pharmacologically effective component is kept to discharge for long.

Abstract: In a fixing device wherein a toner image formed on a copying paper by an electrophotographic copying machine is fixed while the copying paper is maintained in contact with the periphery of a heated fixing roller. Pressure is applied to the copying paper by a pressure applying device including an endless belt supported by a pair of spaced rollers which are mounted on a slidable plate. The slidable member is normally clamped at an operating position by a clamping member. When the clamping member is released, the slidable plate can be slid laterally to separate the endless belt from the fixing roller thereby enabling removal of jammed copying paper, exchange, repair and inspection of various elements of the fixing device.

Abstract: A method and a device for controlling a toner concentration of a dry developing agent used in an electrophotographic apparatus wherein an electrostatic latent image is developed by a dry developing agent including toner and magnetizable carrier used to be circulated, and wherein a toner is appropriately and timely supplied to the developing agent to maintain a toner concentration within a predetermined value. The developing agent is directed to flow on an inclined member disposed on a portion of a path of circulation of the developing agent, and when a depth of the flow of the developing agent on the inclined member is reduced below a predetermined value, the toner is supplied to the developing agent.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of electrophotography wherein before exposure of a photosensitive element to a light image the element is subjected to a substantially uniform light irradiation to release a part of the charge carriers trapped in a photoconductive layer of the element, thereby controlling the potential of a latent image to be formed on the element within a range fit for the development of the latent image.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of electrophotography wherein before exposure of a photosensitive element to a light image the element is subjected to a substantially uniform light irradiation to release a part of the charge carriers trapped in a photoconductive layer of the element, thereby controlling the potential of a latent image to be formed on the element within a range fit for the development of the latent image.

Abstract: A cleaning device for use in an electrophotographic apparatus for removing developer toners remaining on the surface of the photosensitive element after transfer printing a developed image therefrom to a receptor sheet. The cleaning device is provided with a cleaning device comprising a resilient inner member and an outer member provided thereon and frictionally contacted with the element to generate triboelectrical charges of opposite polarity to that of charges existing on the photosensitive element, at the time of being in frictional contact therewith.

Abstract: A device for controlling advance and return movements of an original table of an electrostatic copying apparatus wherein the table is advanced in timed relationship with the movement of a photosensitive element and returned under the action of a spring to its initial position comprising a first shaft rotatable in timed relationship with the movement of said photosensitive element, a second shaft rotated at a predetermined speed in one direction, a stepped pulley mounted on said first shaft for free rotation relative thereto, a first pulley co-axially mounted on said first shaft through an one-way clutch operable when said first pulley rotates relative to said second shaft in said direction of rotation thereof, a first wire passing around said first pulley and which is connected at its one end to a smaller diameter portion of said stepped pulley and at the other end through a spring to said original table, a second wire passing around a larger diameter portion of said stepped pulley and connected at its opposi