Abstract: The invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition made from an active ingredient included in liposomes for topical application, whereby the liposomes have an aqueous medium in the interior thereof and contain at least one active ingredient therein which exerts a direct or indirect relaxing effect on smooth musculature and is preferably selected from the group of prostaglandins, adenylate cyclases, cAMP, AMP, ATP, NO-synthetases, nitrogen monoxide (NO), NO compounds, nitrates, guanylate cyclases, cGMP, GMP, GTP and phosphodiesterases, in particular, Sildenafil. The invention further relates to a method for production of said composition, optionally, in sterile form and the use of the liposomes supporting the active ingredient in various galenic forms for external application in the genital region, for prophylaxis and/or therapy of sexual disorders in men or women and/or for increase of sexual sensitivity.

Abstract: The invention provides orally administered antitussive pharmaceutical compositions comprising dextromethorphan, wherein the compositions are free of bromide, sodium and polistirex.

Abstract: A compound of formula I is disclosed. Compounds of formula I are useful as analgesics, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-diarrheal agents, anticonvulsants, antitussives and anti-addiction medications.

Abstract: A composition of an antitussive, a decongestant, or an antihistamine to treat respiratory and oral pharyngeal congestion and related symptoms in a patient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to substituted cellulose acetates and methods of use thereof. One embodiment of the present invention provides a coating having a substituted cellulose acetate having a polar substituent that has an oxygen atom covalently bonded to a nonmetal selected from the group of sulfur, phosphorus, and boron; wherein the nonmetal is present in at least about 0.01% by weight of the substituted cellulose acetate.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating neurological disorders by administering same are provided. The compositions comprise dextromethorphan in combination with quinidine. This invention also provides methods of reducing CNS and gastrointestinal side effects associated with a long term, dextromethorphan/low-dose quinidine combination therapy.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for evaluating the activity of an agent for treating rhinovirus infection or a symptom thereof, a method of detecting or monitoring rhinovirus infection, and a method of treating rhinovirus infection or a symptom thereof. Various embodiments comprise measuring expression of (i) one or more genes selected from the group consisting of CRY2, B3GAT3, C10ORF95, and BATF3, and (ii) one or more genes selected from the group consisting of RNFT2, BTG4, PSD3, CAPN9, SULT1E1, HEY1, LRRC36, RAB3B, ALDH3B1, FAM134B, FAS, PLSCR1, CLEC2B, HAS2, MX1, SP110, GBP1, IFIT3, IFIT1, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11, from at least one biological sample to produce a gene expression profile, and comparing the gene expression profile to a reference gene expression profile. Systems, computer readable media, compositions, and methods for maintaining or improving respiratory health also are provided.

Abstract: An analgesic which may be applied to wide variety of pain from various causes is disclosed.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical dosage form is provided comprising a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and acetaminophen, and methods for their use. In one embodiment, the dosage form is comprised of ibuprofen and acetaminophen as the sole pharmaceutically effective agents, wherein the ibuprofen and acetaminophen are in a weight ratio of about 12 parts:about 88 parts.

Abstract: A composition for increasing the bioavailability of Acetaminophen in humans and animals, comprising Acetaminophen, a first water soluble surfactant having a cloud point greater than about 37° C., a second water soluble surfactant having a cloud point greater than about 37° C., wherein a mixture of the first surfactant and the second surfactant comprises a cloud point less than about 37° C.

Abstract: The invention generally provides processes and intermediate compounds useful for the production of sinomenine derivatives. In particular, the process may encompass synthetic routes for the production of (+)-sinomenine derivatives and their intermediates.

Abstract: Pellets containing an analgesic uniformly dispersed in a lipid carrier such as cholesterol mixed with fatty acid esters, can be used to provide long term pain relief. 5 mg cholesterol-tryglyceride-buprenorphine pellets released the majority of drug in 24-48 hours after implant and provide clinically significant plasma levels of analgesia in mice for 3-9 days. Blood levels of analgesia peak at day-1 and are substantially complete by day-5 depending on the level of buprenorphine. These results demonstrate that post surgical implants provide clinically significant levels of analgesia in the 24-48 hour period following surgery and thus obviate the time consuming, expensive, and high-risk need to inject mice post surgery. The pellets are safe and easy to use. Placed in the surgical wound at the end of surgery, they provide 2-3 days of analgesia and obviate the need for subsequent handling of the animal for pain therapy. The implants have no detectable effect on mouse behavior, hematology, or liver chemistry.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating depression, anxiety, and neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive disorders, such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease, by administering same are provided. The compositions comprise dextromethorphan in combination with quinidine.

Abstract: Central neuropathic pain is treated with an analgesic composition that consists essentially of an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist. In one embodiment, the invention includes chronic administration of the (NMDA) receptor antagonist. In another embodiment, the invention is use of an NMDA receptor antagonist or component thereof for the manufacture of a medicament than includes an analgesic component that consists essentially of an NMDA receptor antagonist for the chronic treatment of central neuropathic pain.

Abstract: The present invention provides sustained-release oral pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use. The sustained-release oral pharmaceutical compositions include an opioid (including salts thereof) and a salt of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel polycyclic pyrrolidine-2,5-dione derivatives, processes for preparing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use as pharmaceuticals as modulators of the N-formyl peptide receptor like-1 (FPRL-1) receptor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to, among other things, methods for treating trigeminal cephalgias such as migraine and migraine like headaches and other cerebrovascular conditions associated with pain and or inflammation. When non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ketoprofen, are applied locally using specific topical formulations immediate relief of pain is obtained. Intense pain is typically reduced to mild pain or no pain within 30 minutes of application of the topical formulation. The NSAID may be given in combination with other pharmacological agents, such as vasoconstrictors, opioids, decongestants and/or non-opioid migraine drugs, such as triptans and ergots and agents that affect serotonin receptors as agonists, antagonists or partial agonists.

Abstract: The invention provides disintegratable films containing a mixture of high molecular weight and low molecular weight water soluble components; and a pharmaceutically or cosmetically active ingredient. Optionally, the films contain a starch component, a glucose component, a filler, a plasticizer and/or humectant. The films are preferably in the form of a mucoadhesive monolayer having a thickness sufficient to rapidly disintegrate in the oral environment and release the active ingredient without undue discomfort to the oral mucosa. The monolayer can be cut to any desired size or shape to provide conveniently useable unit dosage forms for administration to oral or other mucosal surfaces for human pharmaceutical, cosmetic, or veterinary applications. The invention further provides methods of administering the film compositions by placing the composition into, for example, the oral cavity for a sufficient period of time to permit the film to disintegrate and release the active ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of formula I: wherein X?, R1, and R2 are as defined herein, and compositions thereof.

Abstract: The present invention includes compositions and methods for the controlled release of active agents in a shelf-stable liquid formulation by blending one or more controlled release microbeads comprising one or more active agents, preparing a dense, thixotropic solution having a density that is at, or about, the density of the one or more microbeads comprising a thixotropic agent, water and one or more preservatives under conditions that reduce bubble formation and mixing the microbeads and the thixotropic solutions in a mixer that lacks scraping paddles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to opioid and opioid-like compounds, and pharmaceutical formulations containing the same and methods of use thereof. Uses of the present invention include, but are not limited to, use for the prevention and treatment of septic shock and other disorders. The compounds described herein can be water soluble and can act through mechanisms mediated through pathways other than opiate receptors.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating neurological disorders by administering same are provided. The compositions comprise dextromethorphan in combination with quinidine.

Abstract: Rapid melt tablets that dissolve and release an active component in the oral cavity are comprised of a pharmaceutical active ingredient such as dextromethorphan complexed with a resin that is effective in taste-masking the otherwise bitter taste of the active making it convenient for oral administration. The drug/resin-complexed particles can be coated with water swellable or water insoluble polymers to impart controlled release properties to the active ingredient. A rapid melt tablet also comprises diluents, sweeteners, flavors, disintegrants and other excipients to form granules that can be compressed into tablets at low pressure without the need for a binding agent.

Abstract: Dextromethorphan is used to lower blood pressure in a subject suffering from hypertension, alone or in combination with another anti-hypertensive agent. In particular, dextromethorphan acts synergistically with a calcium channel blocker, such as amlodipine, to result in a major improvement in the treatment of hypertension, with no or little adverse effects.

Abstract: New highly functionalizable Huprine derivatives of formula I: and a method for preparing such compounds and their use for treating neurological diseases in which the level of acetylcholine is affected such as Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: The present invention provides sustained-release oral pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use. The sustained-release oral pharmaceutical compositions include an opioid (including salts thereof) and a salt of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).

Abstract: An NSAID formulation for encapsulation into a soft gel capsule with increased stability, concentration and bioavailability of the NSAID. The preferred NSAIDS are naproxen, ibprofen, indomethacin and diclofenac, which are provided in both an acidic and basic form in the fill formulation. The pH values of fill formulations may be adjusted without additional process steps. A process for increasing the achievable concentration of an NASAID pharmaceutical ingredient in a fill composition for dosage units is also provided. The highly concentrated NASAID formulation permits a reduction in the fill volume or dosage unit size or an increase in concentration of the NSAID in each dosage it.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound of Formula I, II, III, IV or a pharmaceutically acceptable ester or prodrug thereof:

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of formula I: wherein X?, R1, and R2 are as defined herein, and compositions thereof, useful as a peripheral mu opioid receptor antagonist.

Abstract: A drug substance with a pharmaceutically acceptable organic acid addition salt of an opioid wherein said organic acid is selected from Structure A: wherein R1-R4 are independently selected from H, alkyl or substituted alkyl of 1-6 carbons, adjacent groups may be taken together to form a cyclic alkyl, cyclic alkyl-aryl, or cyclic aryl moiety; R5 is selected from H, or an alkali earth cation; R6 and R7 are independently selected from H, alkyl of 1-6 carbons, an alkali earth cation, and aryl of 6 to 12 carbons, in a number sufficient to complete the valence bonding of X, and wherein X is selected from nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur; and wherein the drug substance has a morphology selected from amorphous and crystalline.

Abstract: The invention relates to sinomenine derivatives, methods for their synthesis and their applications. The sinomenine derivatives include oxidation derivatives, and C-10 substituted sinomenine derivatives. Based on the readily oxidizable phenol group on sinomenine structure, using oxidation, oxidative dearomatization, or conjugated addition aromatization, one can introduce C-10 substitutions to synthesize the sinomenine derivatives. The sinomenine derivatives of the invention have the following structures: Using in vitro TNF-? inhibition assay, the activities of the synthetic compounds are assessed. Results from these assays shown that most compounds have anti-inflammatory effects, and some compounds have better activities than that of sinomenine. These compounds may be used in treating immune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Abstract: A composition suitable for hot melt extrusion to form thin strips containing active pharmaceutical ingredients is provided. The composition has 10 to 75% by weight of polyethylene oxide having a molecular weight of from 70,000 to 230,000 Daltons; 5 to 35% of a sugar alcohol having a melting point in excess of 75° C.; 5 to 20% by weight of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of from 100 to 4,000 Daltons; and 10 to 75% by weight of coated active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).

Abstract: Compounds of formulas: are disclosed. The compounds are useful for ameliorating the side effects of therapeutic opiates.

Abstract: Central neuropathic pain is treated with an analgesic composition that consists essentially of an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist. In one embodiment, the invention includes chronic administration of the (NMDA) receptor antagonist. In another embodiment, the invention is use of an NMDA receptor antagonist or component thereof for the manufacture of a medicament than includes an analgesic component that consists essentially of an NMDA receptor antagonist for the chronic treatment of central neuropathic pain.

Abstract: The present invention provides for compositions and methods for treating or preventing addictive and compulsive diseases and disorders, particular alcohol-related diseases and disorders, disclosed herein. The GLP activators of the present invention are effective against various alcohol and drug dependency diseases. In accordance with the invention, the present compositions and methods can be used to intercede upstream or downstream in the signal transduction cascade involved in GLP action to treat various alcohol and drug dependency diseases. In one embodiment, the synthesis or release of endogenous GLP can be stimulated. In another embodiment, the endogenous synthesis or release of another molecule active in the cascade downstream from GLP, (e.g., a molecule produced in response to GLP binding to a receptor), can be stimulated.

Abstract: Rapid opioid detoxification procedures are provided which include sedating a patient with an anesthetic agent having a short full recovery period. The patient is administered an opioid antagonist while sedated and can be revived to an ambulatory condition within eight hours of initiating therapy. The described methods for detoxification also include administering a diarrhea suppressant, such as octreotide acetate, to limit this unfortunate side effect of the detoxification.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions for intranasal administration to a mammal that contain an effective amount of an opioid, a liquid nasal carrier for the opioid, and optionally a sweetener, flavoring agent or masking agent. In some embodiments of the present invention, the pharmaceutical compositions have improved bioavailability. In other embodiments of the present invention, the opioid compositions improve patient compliance.

Abstract: A liquid antitussive composition comprising about 0.05 grams to about 0.2 grams of menthol per 100 ml of liquid antitussive composition, a solvent system, and a surfactant, wherein the composition has a maximum alcohol content of about 0.5 grams per 100 ml of the liquid antitussive composition, and wherein the composition is stable for about 6 months at 40° C., 75% relative humidity conditions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the synthesis of quaternized compounds of formula:

Abstract: Provided are compositions comprising opioid antagonists, such as naltrexone naloxone, or nalmefene, or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and methods for treating scleroderma, including systemic sclerosis, therewith.

Abstract: Sustained-release oral pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use, wherein the compositions are in a single dosage form and include an amine-containing compound (including salts thereof), a salt of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), and a hydrophilic matrix.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel functional peripherally-acting ? opioid receptor antagonist of Formula I: The novel compounds of the present invention have reduced oral bioavailability without compromising opiate-induced analgesia in the CNS. The compounds of the present invention are further efficacious at low doses and are useful in treating gastrointestinal conditions associated with opioid analgesic therapy.

Abstract: A personal health care article. More particularly, a personal health care article comprising at least one porous disintegratable solid substrate comprising: from about 1% to about 70%, by weight of said substrate, of a surfactant, from about 10% to about 70%, by weight of said substrate, of one or more polymers, from about 0.025% to about 85%, by weight of said substrate, of one or more health care actives, optionally a plasticizer, and optionally an aesthetic agent wherein said article is ingestible. The invention also comprises a process for making a personal health care article.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising an antipsychotic in combination with an anti-inflammatory agent, and to the use thereof in the treatment of psychotic disorder, and in particular, of schizophrenia.

Abstract: The invention generally provides processes and intermediate compounds useful for the production of (+)-opiates. Non-limiting examples of (+) opiates that may be derived from one or more compounds of the invention include (+)-noroxymorphone, (+)-naltrexone, (+)-naloxone, (+)-N-cyclopropylmethylnorhydrocodone, (+)-N-cycloproylmethylnorhydromorphone, (+)-N-allylnorhydrocodone, (+)-N-allylnorhydromorphone, (+)-noroxycodone, (+)-naltrexol, (+)-naloxol, and (+)-3-O-methyl-naltrexone.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of formula I: wherein X?, R1, and R2 are as defined herein, and compositions thereof.

Abstract: The invention is associated with ingestible film coated solid dosage forms comprising natural honey in the coating applied to such forms. The natural honey of the film coated solid dosage form is of sufficient level to be perceived by the user while avoiding sticking to each other or the packaging with which they are in contact and, or storage.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds that are substituted azaadamantane ester and carbamate derivatives, compositions comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds and compositions.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating neurological disorders by administering same are provided. The compositions comprise dextromethorphan in combination with quinidine.

Abstract: During clinical trials on patients suffering from neurological disorders, it has been observed that some patients obtain dramatic improvements in motor control and/or higher mental functioning, when they receive a combination of dextromethorphan and quinidine, at suitable dosages. Improved motor control has been exemplified to date by improved ability to swallow and/or speak, among victims of stroke, head injury, or ALS. Improved higher mental functioning has been exemplified in better job performance, increased ability to analyze and solve problems, and increased ability to have successful and satisfying interactions with other people. These types of effects can be seen in a relatively brief time period, such as within several days to a week.