Abstract: The invention provides a method for treating hypoxia in a normal subject, comprising administering 5-HMF to the subject.

Abstract: The present application discloses methods for identifying inhibitors with high binding-affinity for the carbonic anhydrase-IX (CA-IX) enzyme using click chemistry and uses the candidates thereof as positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agents.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds of the formula or salts or bioisosteres thereof. Therapeutic methods, medicaments, and compositions related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds that inhibit PDE10 are disclosed that have utility in the treatment of a variety of conditions, including (but not limited to) psychotic, anxiety, movement disorders and/or neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, encephalitis, phobias, epilepsy, aphasia, Bell's palsy, cerebral palsy, sleep disorders, pain, Tourette's syndrome, schizophrenia, delusional disorders, drug-induced psychosis and panic and obsessive-compulsive disorders. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts, stereoisomers, solvates and prodrugs of the compounds are also provided. Also disclosed are compositions containing a compound in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, as well as methods relating to the use thereof for inhibiting PDE10 in a warm-blooded animal in need of the same.

Abstract: Di-/trisubstituted furans of the formula (I) and their use as odorants wherein R1 is hydrogen or methyl; R2 is ethyl, propyl or isopropyl; the bond between C-3 and C-4 is a single bond, or the dotted line together with the bond between C-3 and C-4 represents a double bond; and the bond between C-4? and C-5? is a single bond, or the dotted line together with the bond between C-4? and C-5? represents a double bond, either in (E)- or (Z)-configuration. The invention furthermore relates to a method of their production and to perfume compositions comprising them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) wherein Q is Q1 or Q2 P is P1, heterocyclylor heterocyclyl substituted by one to five Z; and wherein A1, A2, A3, A4, G1, Y1, Z, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in claim 1; or a salt or N-oxide thereof. Furthermore, the present invention relates to processes and intermediates for preparing compounds of formula (I), to insecticidal, acaricidal, nematicidal and molluscicidal compositions comprising the compounds of formula (I) and to methods of using the compounds of formula (I) to control insect, acarine, nematode and mollusc pests.

Abstract: Provided herein are Compounds that induce interferon production and methods for identifying such Compounds. Also provided herein are compositions comprising such Compounds and methods of using such Compounds to treat interferon-sensitive diseases such as viral infections, cancer, and multiple sclerosis.

Abstract: Provided are compositions and methods for modulating quorum sensing in microbes. The compounds are AI-2 analogs and as such have structures similar to 4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione that can act as agonists/antagonists of quorum sensing. The compounds are useful for modulating quorum sensing in bacteria and can be used in methods for prophylaxis or therapy of bacterial infections and for reduction of biofilms.

Abstract: Selective insect neonicotinoids is a class of pesticide active ingredients that share some characteristics in their chemical structures and bind to the nAChR acetylcholine receptors. Formulation of such compounds in oil suspension or oil dispersion is challenging due to their electrostatic interactions of the heteroatoms in oily media, that lead to irreversible flocculation or diminished homogeneicity and bleeding of such oil dispersions. Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam, Thiachloprid, Nitenpyram, Acetamiprid, Clothianidin and Dinetofuran and derivatives thereof with nAChR binding ability are successfully formulated in oil suspension with the use of certain copolymeric anionic fatty-acid based dispersants, sorbitan derivatives, ionic surfactants, other non-ionic surfactants and inorganic polyvalent cationic salt dispersed in the oil.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the identification of provided cyclohexane-1,3-diones (CHD compounds) and pharmaceutical compositions thereof for treating subjects with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other neurodegenerative diseases. The invention also provides methods of preparing the provided CHD compounds.

Abstract: Compounds are described that are effective in enhancing the efficacy of antimicrobial agents. Also described are methods of using such compounds and compositions that include such compounds. The composition includes a chalcone compound and, optionally, an antimicrobial agent.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a class of compounds, including the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds, having the structure of formula I: as defined in the specification. The invention is also directed to compositions containing and uses of the compounds of formula I.

Abstract: Compounds comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof are disclosed, wherein a dashed line represents the presence or absence of a bond; and, wherein Y, A, R, D, and n are as described. Methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Novel ligand compounds having the structural formula (I): in which: Ar is a radical selected from among the radicals of formulae (a)-(c) below: are formulated into pharmaceutical compositions suited for administration in human or veterinary medicine, or, alternatively into cosmetic compositions.

Abstract: A novel class of diyne compounds and diyne salts provided herein are effective and potent Ole1 protein inhibitors, useful for treating fungal pathogens. Compounds, fungicides and methods are provided as novel, potent and broad spectrum anti-fungal agents for treatment against a wide variety of fungal pathogens in humans and animals, and in the agricultural setting.

Abstract: The invention provides novel compounds of the Formula (I) that stimulate rates of glucose oxidation in myocardial cells: wherein W, Cyc, p, Y, X, Z, R, R1, R2, R3, R4, I, m and n are as defined for Formula (I) herein. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds capable of stimulation of glucose oxidation, methods for increasing glucose oxidation rates in myocardial cells, and methods of treatment of myocardial ischemia.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, novel methods and formulations are provided for treating and preventing the incidence of drug-induced pro-arrhythmia, including torsades de pointes. The methods and formulations comprise a combination of a drug that induces torsade de pointes, such as Class III antiarrhythmics, certain antimicrobials, antihistamines, antidepressants, antipsychotics, diuretics, with an aspirin and/or a statin. In certain embodiments, the compositions and methods for treatment comprise azimilide and aspirin and/or a statin. These compositions may be administered by different routes, including orally. In certain embodiments where the antiarrhythmic is azimilide it may be administered orally in a dose of about 25 mg to about 300 mg.

Abstract: A novel chemical genus of furan-2-one antifouling compound as non-toxic, environment friendly antifouling agent, a coating material for objects submerged under the water based on the furan-2-one compounds. The substituted furan-2-one antifouling compounds have a furan-2-one ring and an alkyl side chain thereto and are of the formula: where n=6-14, representing the number of carbon atoms in said side chain.

Abstract: A dietary supplement for enhancing physical performance of human subjects is disclosed. The supplement in dry, finely-divided form includes as a major ingredient a soy protein isolate containing at least 80% protein on a moisture-free basis with lesser amounts of carbohydrate, free form amino acids, medium chain triglycerides, creatine monohydrate, l-carnitine, grape seed extract, coenzyme Q10, piper nigrum extract, and alpha lipoic acid. In a preferred embodiment, the supplement also includes minor amounts of conjugated linoleic acid and phosphatidylserine/phosphatidylcholine complex.

Abstract: The invention relates to liquid compositions which contain a) from 40 to 99.9% by weight of sorbitan monocaprylate and b) from 0.1 to 60% by weight of one or more antimicrobial substances selected from the group consisting of the components b1) to b5): b1) specific organic acids and the salts thereof, b2) specific formaldehyde donors, b3) specific isothiazolinones, b4) specific paraben esters and the salts thereof, and b5) specific pyridones and the salts thereof. The liquid compositions are suitable for the production of cosmetic, dermatological or pharmaceutical products.

Abstract: The invention relates to liquid compositions which contain a) from 5 to 95% by weight of sorbitan monocaprylate and b) from 5 to 95% by weight of one or more alcohols of formula (1) R—OH ??(1), wherein R is a group consisting of carbon, hydrogen and optionally oxygen atoms with 5 to 12, preferably 6 to 11, carbon atoms, and the carbon atoms can be interlinked in, a linear, branched and/or cyclic fashion via saturated, unsaturated and/or aromatic carbon-carbon bonds and the groups can also contain ether units and hydrogen atoms and/or hydroxyl groups can be bound to the individual carbon atoms. The liquid compositions are suitable for the production of cosmetic, dermatological or pharmaceutical products.

Abstract: Alterations of certain metabolite concentrations and fluxes that occur in response to viral infection are described. Host cell enzymes in the involved metabolic pathways are selected as targets for intervention; i.e., to restore metabolic flux to disadvantage viral replication, or to further derange metabolic flux resulting in “suicide” of viral-infected cells (but not uninfected cells) in order to limit viral propagation. While any of the enzymes in the relevant metabolic pathway can be selected, pivotal enzymes at key control points in these metabolic pathways are preferred as candidate antiviral drug targets. Inhibitors of these enzymes are used to reverse, or redirect, the effects of the viral infection. Drug candidates are tested for antiviral activity using screening assays in vitro and host cells, as well as in animal models. Animal models are then used to test efficacy of candidate compounds in preventing and treating viral infections. The antiviral activity of enzyme inhibitors is demonstrated.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of the structure: wherein the constituent members are defined herein, including pharmaceutical compositions thereof and methods of treating diseases therewith.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a 2,5-bis-aryl-3,4-dimethyltetrahydrofuran lignan compound which activates nutmeg-derived AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and to a composition including same as active ingredients for preventing and treating metabolic syndromes such as obesity. More particularly, the present invention relates to an AMPK-activating compound comprising one of the 2,5-bis-aryl-3,4-dimethyltetrahydrofuran lignan-based compounds produced by extracting Myristica fragrans with a solution of 30% or less of ethanol and separating and purifying the extracts using chromatography, as expressed in chemical formula 1 below, and to a composition comprising same as an active ingredient for preventing and treating metabolic syndrome caused by AMPK enzyme activation, such as obesity, diabetes, high cholesterol and cardiopulmonary diseases.

Abstract: An ethanolic extract of avocado seeds with a composition of 2-Furfuraldehyde (1,00%), 5-Methylundecane (1,05%), (11Z)-Pentadecenal (0,98%), (11Z)-Hexadecenal (2,35%), (3E)-Nonadecene (1,07%), 2-Tetradecylfuran (5,58%), 2-Pentadecylfuran (7,10%), 2-Hexadecylfuran (6,52%), 2-(1Z-Heptadecenyl) furan (2,85%), 2-(1E-Pentadecenyl) furan (2,15%), 2-(1E-Heptadecenyl) furan (5,60%), 2-(8Z, 11Z-Heptadecadienyl) furan (5,49%), 2-(8Z, 11 E-Heptadecadienyl) furan (33,53%), 2-(1 E, 8Z, 11Z-Heptadecatrienyl) furan (15,56%), and other unidentified compounds (9,17%), useful as miticide and insecticide is described.

Abstract: 2-Phenylethylamino substituted carboxamide derivatives and their use as sodium and/or calcium channel modulators useful in preventing, alleviating and curing a wide range of pathologies are presented.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the general formula (I), the use of these compounds as pharmaceutical compositions, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and methods of treatment employing these compounds and compositions. The present compounds may be useful in the treatment and/or prevention of conditions mediated by Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPAR), in particular the PPAR? suptype.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for treating hypoxia caused by high altitude by administering to a subject a compound that reduces the P50 of hemoglobin for oxygen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to calcium salts of compounds of the general formula (I) wherein X is selected from the group consisting of CH2, S, or O; D is O or S; R8 is hydrogen or alkyl; E is an optionally substituted phenylene group; Y is a monocyclic or bicyclic substituted or unsubstituted 6-9 membered ring system which may contain one or more heteroatoms selected from N or S and which contains at least one aromatic ring; n is 0 or 1, and q is 0 or 1; with the proviso that compounds wherein X?CH2, q=0, Y=unsubstituted phenyl and E=unsubstituted phenylene are excluded; or a hydrate thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound represented by general formula (I) wherein Z represents N, O or S, and A represents a CH group, a nitrogen atom or an NL+ group wherein L represents a straight-chained or branched C1-C12 alkyl group. The invention also relates to a method for the preparation thereof and the use thereof as an antimitotic.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods for the prevention and/or treatment of diseases which are pathophysiologically related to GPR35, and/or GPR35-hERG signaling complex. For example, disclosed are compounds for preventing and/or treating diseases which are pathophysiologically related to GPR35 in a subject.

Abstract: The invention provides a plant disease and insect damage control composition including, as active ingredients, dinotefuran and at least one fungicidal compound; and a plant disease and insect damage prevention method that includes applying such a composition to a plant body, soil, plant seed, stored cereal, stored legume, stored fruit, stored vegetable, silage, stored flowering plant, or export/import timber. The invention provides a new plant disease and insect damage control composition and a plant disease and insect damage prevention method with very low toxicity to mammals and fishes, the composition and method showing an effect against plural pathogens and pest insects, including emerging resistant pathogens and resistant pest insect, by application to a plant body, soil, plant seed, stored cereal, stored legume, stored fruit, stored vegetable, silage, stored flowering plant, or export/import timber.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formulae (1) and (2): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for the treatment of cancer, inflammation, auto-immune diseases, diabetes and diabetic complications, infection, cardiovascular disease and ischemia-reperfusion injuries.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing two or more active agents that when taken together can be used to treat, e.g., insomnia and/or depression. The first component of the pharmaceutical composition is a GABA receptor modulating compound. The second component of the pharmaceutical composition is a serotonin reuptake inhibitor, a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, a 5-HT2A modulator, or dopamine reuptake inhibitor. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises eszopiclone. In a preferred embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises eszopiclone and fluoxetine.

Abstract: Novel cyclohexyl-1,4-diamine compounds corresponding to formula I, processes for the production thereof, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, methods of producing pharmaceutical compositions including these compounds and related methods of treating or inhibiting certain diseases or conditions.

Abstract: A composition containing undecane, hexanal, 1-pentanol, decane, and 2-pentylfuran is an effective attractant for adult female Indian meal moths (Plodia interpunctella). The composition may be used alone or with a carrier component. The composition may be used in combination with any insect trapping means known in the art, as required for a specific application.

Abstract: The present invention provides various biomarkers of inflammatory bowel disease, including biomarkers for Crohn's disease and biomarkers for Ulcerative colitis. The present invention also provides various methods of using the biomarkers, including methods for diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease, methods for distinguishing between inflammatory bowel diseases, methods of determining predisposition to inflammatory bowel disease, methods of monitoring progression/regression of inflammatory bowel disease, methods of assessing efficacy of compositions for treating inflammatory bowel disease, methods of screening compositions for activity in modulating biomarkers of inflammatory bowel disease, methods of treating inflammatory bowel disease, as well as other methods based on biomarkers of inflammatory bowel disease.

Abstract: A composition containing 2-pentylfuran is an effective attractant for the larvae of the Indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella). The composition may be used alone or with a carrier component. The composition may be used in combination with any insect trapping means known in the art, as required for a specific application.

Abstract: Certain thiol and acylthiol compounds inhibit retrovirus growth by attacking the highly conserved zinc finger regions of essential viral proteins. These compounds, compositions containing them, and methods of using them to treat retroviral infections such as HIV are described. These compounds are also useful for preparation of vaccines comprised of inactivated retroviruses such as HIV, prevention of the transmission of such retroviruses, and detection of retroviral proteins.

Abstract: Compounds having high angiogenesis inhibiting activity useful as agents for effective treatment and prevention of diseases involving pathologic angiogenesis, e.g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of compounds of Formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, X and G have the meanings given above as insecticides and/or acaricides and/or fungicides.

Abstract: A method of treating cancer in a subject comprising the step of administering to the subject in need thereof an effective amount of a combination of a compound that binds a nuclear export signal (NES inhibitor) on topoisomerase II? and a topoisomerase inhibitor. Twenty small molecule inhibitors (SMI) that bind to the two nuclear export sequences (NES) topo II? have been identified from the NCI database using computer-generated molecular modeling. These SMI will improve the effectiveness of topo II directed therapeutics, particularly in the treatment of diseases such as multiple myeloma (MM). In vitro apoptosis assays indicate that these drugs may be effective as single agents or in combination with currently used cancer drugs that target topo II.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a plant oil product as an agent for increasing the synthesis of skin lipids, especially the lipids of the epidermal skin barrier, in or for the preparation of a cosmetic, pharmaceutical or dermatological composition. The invention also relates to a method for cosmetic treatment with a cosmetic, pharmaceutical or dermatological composition for increasing the synthesis of skin lipids, especially the lipids of the epidermal skin barrier, and to the use of the plant product as a food additive.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel benzophenone derivatives represented by formula I, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof or a solvate thereof, a pharmacological composition containing the same, and a use of the composition as therapeutic drugs. The benzophenone derivatives have an inhibition activity of microtubule formation and can be used to treat a normal proliferative state of a malignant tumor by killing the actively proliferating cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel flavor improving agent capable of sufficiently enhancing or alleviating the flavor sensed in oral cavity; for example, enhancing and improving the thickness in taste or the like to provide depth and profoundness to the flavor, and also improving the sense of volume or the sharpness of aftertaste. The present invention also provides a food/drink, a pharmaceutical product and an oral care product having a good taste which can fulfill the recent high-level demand for taste.

Abstract: There is provided a halogen-containing organosulfur compound having a controlling effect on arthropod pests represented by the formula (I): wherein m represents 0, 1 or 2; n represents 0, 1 or 2; A represents an optionally substituted 3- to 8-membered saturated heterocyclic group; Q represents a fluorine atom or a C1-C5 haloalkyl group having at least one fluorine atom; R1, R1a and R3 independently represent an optionally halogenated C1-C4 chain hydrocarbon group, etc.; R2, R2a and R4 independently represent an optionally halogenated C1-C4 chain hydrocarbon group, etc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds having anti-cancer activity, methods of making these compounds, and their use for treating cancer and drug-resistant tumors, e.g. melanoma, metastatic melanoma, drug resistant melanoma, prostate cancer and drug resistant prostate cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound represented by wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, a salt thereof and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) wherein X, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are as defined herein, which are useful for treating diseases which respond to CXCR2 receptor mediators. Pharmaceutical compositions that contain the compounds and processes for preparing the compounds are also described.

Abstract: The disclosed invention provides new polyamine analogs and derivatives containing a hydrophobic region and a polyamine region as well as methods and compositions for their use.