Abstract: The invention relates to compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of using compounds of the general formula or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester, wherein the substituents are defined in the application.

Abstract: Epothilone A, epothilone B, analogs of epothilone and libraries of epothilone analogs are synthesized. Epothilone A and B are known anticancers agents that derive their anticancer activity by the prevention of mitosis through the induction and stabilization of microtubulin assembly. The analogs of epothilone are novel. Several of the analogs are demonstrated to have a superior cytotoxic activity as compared to epothilone A or epothilone B as demonstrated by their enhanced ability to induce the polymerization and stabilization of microtubules.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an azole compound represented by the formula [I] wherein W is S or O; R is —COOR7, —X1-A1-COOR7 (R7 is H, alkyl) or tetrazolyl; R1, R2, R3 and R4 are H and the like; A is —(CH2)m—X— (X is —N(R8)—, —C(R9)(R10)—, —CO— or —CO—N(R8)—); B is aryl or aromatic heterocyclic group; R5 is H and the like; R6 is —(Y)s1-(A2)s-Z (Y is —O—, —S(O)t—, —N(R13)—, —N(R14)—CO—, —N(R14)—SO2—, —SO2—N(R14)— and the like, A2 is alkylene, and Z is cycloalkyl, aryl, aromatic heterocyclic group, indanyl, piperazinyl, a prodrug thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compound [I] of the present invention has a protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitory activity, and is useful as a therapeutic agent for diabetes, a therapeutic drug for diabetic complications or a therapeutic drug for hyperlipidemia.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the synthesis of Aztreonam. Specifically, the process entails hydrolyzing [3S-[3?(Z),4?]]-3-[[(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)[(1-t-butoxycarbonyl-1-methylethoxy)imino]acetyl]amino]-4-methyl-2-oxo-1-azetidinesulfonic acid (t-Bu Aztreonam) to form Aztreonam.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds with the formula (I) and also to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, to processes for their preparation, as well as to the use of the compounds in medicine and for the preparation of a medicament which acts on the human 11-?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 enzyme.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel compounds having a dual antagonistic activity against thromboxane A2 receptor and prostaglandin D2 receptor and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them. A compound of the formula (I): wherein R1 is —CH2—CH?CH—CH2—CH2—CH2—COOR2 or —CH?CH—CH2—CH2—CH2—COOR2; R2 is hydrogen or alkyl; m is 0 or 1; p is 0 or 1; X1 and X3 each is independently optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl; X2 is a bond, —CH2—, —S—, —SO2—, —CH2—O—, —O—CH2—, —CH2—S—, —S—CH2—, or the like; X4 is —CH2—, —CH2—CH2—, —C(?O)—, or the like, have a dual antagonistic activity against both a thromboxane A2 receptor and a prostaglandin D2 receptor.

Abstract: This invention relates to certain aryl alkyl acid compounds, compositions, and methods for treating or preventing obesity and related diseases.

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing compounds having therapeutic effects due to a DPP-IV inhibitory action, and satisfactory as pharmaceutical products. The present inventors have found that derivatives having a substituent introduced into the ?-position of proline represented by the formula (I) wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, have a potent DPP-IV inhibitory activity, and completed the present invention by increasing the stability.

Abstract: A process for making an aromatic aldehyde in which a sulfoxide is reacted with a dihalogenated aromatic compound in the absence of an effective amount of an activating reagent. The aldehyde may then be used to make other compounds, such as a compound that acts as a cPLA inhibitor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds according to the general formula (I) which bind to the NR1H4 receptor and act as agonists of the NR1H4 receptor. The invention further relates to the treatment of diseases and/or conditions through binding of the nuclear receptor by the compounds and the production of medicaments using the compounds.

Abstract: 2-(S)-hydroxymutilin carbamate derivatives of formula (I), in which R1 is a 5- or 6-membered optionally substituted heteroaryl group; and R2 is vinyl or ethyl, are useful in the treatment of bacterial infections

Abstract: Compounds are provided which have the structure wherein Q is C or N; R2a, R2b, R2c, X1 to X7, R1, R2, R3, R3a, R4, A, Y, m, and n are as defined herein, which compounds are useful as antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, and antiobesity agents. The present invention further provides a method for treating obesity and dyslipidemia in mammals including humans through simultaneous inhibition of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-? (PPAR?) and stimulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-? (PPAR?).

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of formula: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof, useful in treating and/or preventing Alzheimer's disease and other similar diseases, wherein RN, RC, R1, R2 and R20 are defined herein. These compounds include inhibitors of the beta-secretase enzyme that are useful in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other diseases characterized by deposition of A beta peptide in a mammal. The compounds of the invention are useful in pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment to reduce A beta peptide formation.

Abstract: To provide a novel oxyiminoalkanoic acid derivative which has excellent hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic actions and which is used for the prevention or treatment of diabetes mellitus, hyperlipemia, insulin insensitivity, insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance.

Abstract: 2-phenyliminothiazolines of the following formula I, their salts, their preparation method and their use for treating rice blast.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel industrial process for preparation of an anhydride of 2-(2-aminothiazole-4-yl)-2-hydroxy compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel substituted benzofurans and benzothiophenes compounds that are antagonists of alpha V (?v) integrins, for example ?v?3 and ?v?5 integrins, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. The compounds may be used in the treatment of pathological conditions mediated by ?v?3 and ?v?5 integrins, including such conditions as tumor growth, metastasis, restenosis, osteoporosis, inflammation, macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and rheumatoid arthritis. The compounds have the general formula I: where R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, m, n, i, j and k are defined herein.

Abstract: Substituted tetracycline compounds, methods of synthesis, and methods of use are discussed. Tetracyclines useful for treating tetracycline related disorders are also discussed. Intermediates useful for synthesizing other tetracycline compounds are also included.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula where the symbols have the meaning described in the application, have retinoid-like or retinoid antagonist-like biological activity.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel heterocycle substituted diphenyl leukotriene B4 (LTB4) antagonists, to compositions containing such compounds, and to methods of using such compounds for treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: Aminothiazole compounds substituted with sulfur-containing groups are represented by the Formula (I), and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, active metabolites, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of said metabolites are described.

Abstract: Compounds having methionine aminopeptidase-2 inhibitory (MetAP2) are described. Also described are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, methods of treatment using the compounds, methods of inhibiting angiogenesis, and methods of treating cancer.

Abstract: Compounds having methionine aminopeptidase-2 inhibitory (MetAP2) are described. Also described are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, methods of treatment using the compounds, methods of inhibiting angiogenesis, and methods of treating cancer.

Abstract: A process for making an aromatic aldehyde in which a sulfoxide is reacted with a dihalogenated aromatic compound in the absence of an effective amount of an activating reagent. The aldehyde may then be used to make other compounds, such as a compound that acts as a cPLA inhibitor.

Abstract: Aminothiazole compounds with mono-/di-substituted benzamide are represented by the Formula (I), and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs, pharmaceutically active metabolites, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of said metabolites are described. These agents modulate and/or inhibit the cell proliferation and activity of protein kinases and are useful as pharmaceuticals for treating malignancies and other disorders.

Abstract: The present invention provides carbanilides of formula (I), wherein A, Q, R, X, Z and m are as defined herein. A plurality of processes for preparing these compounds is provided, along with methods of using the compounds to control microorganisms in crops and in the protection of materials. The compounds of the present invention also find use in controlling animal pests.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I 1

Abstract: This invention provides a novel industrial process for preparation of an anhydride of 2-(2-aminothiazole-4-yl)-2-hydroxy compound.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I are provided as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof, wherein R1 to R5, n, m and A have the significance disclosed in the specification, and can be used for the treatment or prevention of arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, renal failure, eating disorders and obesity.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula where the symbols have the meaning described in the application, have retinoid-like or retinoid antagonist-like biological activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel biphenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols of the formula (I) in which W represents hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy, halogenoalkenyloxy, nitro or cyano, X represents halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkylthio, alkylsulphinyl, alkylsulphonyl, halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy, halogenoalkenyloxy, nitro, cyano or in each case optionally substituted phenyl, phenoxy, phenylthio, phenylalkoxy or phenylalkylthio, Y represents in each case optionally substituted cycloalkyl, aryl or hetaryl, Z represents hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halogenoalkyl or halogenoalkoxy, CKE represents one of the groups  in which A, B, D, L, M, Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 and Q6 are as defined in the description, to preparation and to their use as pesticides and herbicides.

Abstract: 2-phenyliminothiazolines of the following formula I, their salts, their preparation method and their use for treating rice blast. The phenyliminothiazolines and their salts of the present invention have low toxicity to environment or living organisms, and exert high activity at low concentration for treating rice blast through a new controlling mechanism, that is by inhibiting pentaketide synthesis and cyclization of the melanin sythesis process in formula I.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula: 1

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I: where; R1 is O, S; R2 is an optionally substituted nitrogen-containing heterocycle, wherein the nitrogen is located at the 2 position relative to the (thio)urea bond; R3 is H, C1-C3 alkyl, R4-R7 are independently selected from H, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, haloC1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkanoyl, haloC1-C6 alkanoyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, haloC1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 alkyloxy-C1-C6 alkyl, haloC1-C6 alkyloxy-C1-C6 alkyl hydroxy-C1-C6 alkyl, amino-C1-C6 alkyl, carboxy-C1-C6 alkyl, cyano-C1-C6 alkyl, amino, carboxy, carbamoyl, cyano, halo, hydroxy, keto; X is —(CR8R9)n— R8 and R9 are independently H, C1-C3 alkyl, OH or R8 and R9 together are ═O n is 1, 2 or 3 and prodrugs and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, have utility as inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, particularly drug escape mutants.

Abstract: This application relates to a compound of formula I (or a prodrug thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound or prodrug thereof) as defined herein, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and its use as an inhibitor of factor Xa, as well as a process for its preparation and intermediates therefor.

Abstract: Novel cyclic compounds and salts thereof, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and methods of using such compounds in the treatment of protein tyrosine kinase-associated disorders such as immunologic and oncologic disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel N-cyanomethyl amides which are cysteine protease inhibitors, the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and N-oxides thereof, their uses as therapeutic agents and the methods of their making.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) 1

Abstract: The present invention is directed to protected amino acid halide monomers and oligomers, and to their use in the efficient sythesis of polyamides. The present invention is further directed to the use of &agr;-haloenamine reagents, which may optionally be immobilized, for the preparation of the amino acid halides.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions containing effective amounts of CDK-inhibiting diaminothiazole compounds of the following formula (where R1 and R2 are as defined in the specification) or their salts, or prodrugs or active metabolites of such compounds or salts, are useful for treating disorders and diseases such as cancer: In preferred embodiments, R1 and R2 are independently unsubstituted or substituted carbocyclic or heterocyclic aryl ring structures. Compounds where R2 is ortho-substituted aryl are especially potent inhibitors of CDKs such as CDK4.

Abstract: The present application describes oxygen and sulfur containing heteroaromatics and derivatives thereof of formula I: or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug forms thereof, wherein J is O or S and D may be C(═NH)NH2, which are useful as inhibitors of factor Xa.

Abstract: The invention concerns novel carbanilides of formula (I), in which A, Q, R, X, Z and m have the meanings given in the description. The invention further concerns a plurality of processes for preparing these substances, in their use as microbiocides for controlling undesirable microorganisms both in crop protection and in the protection of materials. Additionally, they are suitable for controlling animal pests.

Abstract: The present invention relates to thiazoles, oxazoles, imidazoles and pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds antagonizing the corticotropin releasing factor receptor (“CRF receptor”) and useful for the treatment of depression, anxiety, affective disorders, feeding disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, headache, drug addiction, inflammatory disorders, drug or alcohol withdrawal symptoms and other conditions the treatment of which can be effected by the antagonism of the CRF-1 receptor.

Abstract: The present invention discloses compounds of formula (I), and tautomeric forms, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, or solvates thereof. Preferably, the compounds of the invention are dual activators of hPPAR&ggr; and hPPAR{acute over (&agr;)}.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula: wherein R1 is an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group or an optionally substituted heterocyclic group; X is a bond, —CO—, —CH(OH)— or a group represented by —NR6— wherein R6 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group; n is an integer of 1 to 3; Y is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, —SO—, —SO2— or a group represented by —NR7— wherein R7 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally alkyl group; ring A is a benzene ring optionally having additional one to three substituents; p is an integer of 1 to 8; R2 is a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group or an optionally substituted heterocyclic group; q is an integer of 0 to 6; m is 0 or 1; R3 is a hydroxy group, OR8 (R8 is an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula 1

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for inhibiting herpes replication and for treating herpes infection in a mammal by inhibiting the herpes helicase-primase enzyme complex. This invention also relates to thiazolyphenyl derivatives that inhibit the herpes helicase-primase and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the thiazolylphenyl derivatives, to methods of using and methods of producing the thiazolylphenyl derivatives.

Abstract: The current invention discloses useful pharmaceutical compositions containing amidino derivative useful as nitric oxide synthase inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel substituted thiazol(in)ylidenaminosulphonyl-amino(thio)carbonyl-triazolinones of the formula (I) in which Q represents oxygen or sulphur, R1 represents hydrogen, amino, alkylideneamino or represents an in each case optionally substituted radical from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkanoylamino, alkenyl, alkinyl, alkenyloxy, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, cycloalkylamino, aryl and arylalkyl, R2 represents hydrogen, cyano, halogen or represents an in each case optionally substituted radical from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulphinyl, alkylsulphonyl, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkenyl, alkinyl, alkenyloxy, alkenylthio, alkenylamino, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, cycloalkyloxy, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkylamino, aryl, aryloxy, arylthio, arylamino, arylalkyl, arylalkoxy, arylalkylthio and arylalkylamino, R3 represents an in each case optionally substituted radical from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy,

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for inhibiting and reversing nonenzymatic cross-linking (protein aging). Accordingly, a composition is disclosed which comprises a thiazolium compound capable of inhibiting, and to some extent reversing, the formation of advanced glycosylation endproducts of target proteins by reacting with the carbonyl moiety of the early glycosylation product of such target proteins formed by their initial glycosylation. The method comprises contacting the target protein with the composition. Both industrial and therapeutic applications for the invention are envisioned, as food spoilage and animal protein aging can be treated. A novel immunoassay for detection of the reversal of the nonenzymatic crosslinking is also disclosed.