Abstract: The invention provides methods and compounds for the treatment of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis), traumatic brain injury, ischemic brain injury or a stroke. In one aspect the compounds are HDAC1 activators. Exemplary HDAC1 activators include metal chelators, iron chelators, deferoxamin, flavonoids, compounds comprising a catechol moity, ginkgetin K, Chembridge 5104434, sciadopilysin, tetrahydrogamboic acid, TAM-11, LY 235959, CGS 19755, SK&F 97541, etidronic acid, levonordefrin, methyldopa, ampicillin trihydrate, D-aspartic acid, gamma-D-glutamylaminomethylsulfonic acid, phenazopyridine to hydrochloride, oxalamine citrate salt, podophyllotoxin, SK&F 97541, (+-)-4-amino-3-(5-chloro-2-thienyl)-butanoic acid, (RS)-(tetrazol-5-yl) glycine, R(+)-SKF-81297, gambogic acid, and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the compounds of the formulae (1) to (8) and to the use thereof in organic electroluminescent devices, in particular in blue-emitting devices. The compounds of the formulae (1) to (8) are used as host material or dopant in the emitting layer or also in a hole- or electron-transport layer.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the general formula (1) wherein R1 and R3 are each independently hydrogen or a carboxyl group and R2 and R4 are each independently hydrogen or a hydroxyl group, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which exhibit semaphorin-inhibitory activity and are useful as preventives or remedies for neuropathic and neurodegenerative diseases are provided.

Abstract: A dioxaanthanthrene compound is represented by structural formula (1): wherein at least one of R3 and R9 represents a substituent other than hydrogen.

Abstract: 1,4-dihydropyridine and 1,4-dihydropyrane derivatives and novel cosmetic or dematological sunscreen compositions containing novel and/or known 1,4-dihydropyridine or 1,4-dihydropyrane derivatives which are useful for photoprotecting human skin and/or hair against UV radiation, in particular solar radiation, and the use of such 1,4-dihydropyridine and/or 1,4-dihydropyrane derivatives as UV-A screening agents, particularly in cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for the treatment of angiogenesis and macular degeneration. In preferred embodiments, the invention relates to the field of eye health. In some embodiments, the invention relates to the prevention and treatment of angiogenesis by administering compounds disclosed herein. In further embodiments, the invention relates to the prevention and treatment of macular degeneration by administering compounds disclosed herein. In still further embodiments, the invention relates to methods and compositions comprising gambogic acid and gambogic acid derivatives.

Abstract: Three pairs of C-2 epimeric xanthones isolated from Garcinia hanburyi and method for efficiently separating the xanthone compounds into individual epimers, each of which possesses varying biological effects. The compounds are useful for their anticancer effects, particularly because they are shown to be non-substrates of the multidrug-resistance transporter. Some of the epimers have significant inhibitory effects on cytochrome P450 systems. The xanthone compounds of the present invention are gambogic acid, epigambogic acid, isogambogic acid, isoepigambogic acid, 30-hydroxygambogic acid and 30-hydroxyepigambogic acid.

Abstract: A preparation process is provided for preparing a novel flavonoid compound having a high level of antioxidative action. The flavonoid compound is obtained by subjecting hesperidin to microbial fermentation treatment with Aspergillus saitoi.

Abstract: A chromene compound of this invention, as shown in the following formula: characterized by having an indeno(2,1-f)naphtho(1,2-b)pyran structure as a basic structure, and having a substituent which is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group such as methoxyphenyl group, or a substituted or unsubsterituted heteroaryl group such as thienyl group bonding to a carbon atom at the seventh position of the indeno(2,1-f)naphtho(1,2-b)pyran structure. The photochromic compound exhibits a color tone of a neutral tint when it develops a color, features a high color-developing sensitivity and a high fading rate, and has a good photochromic resistance.

Abstract: 3-Amino chroman and 2-amino tetralin derivatives and compositions containing such compounds are disclosed. Such compounds are useful for modulating activity of a 5-HT1A receptor (agonizing or antagonizing) in a patient. These compounds are further useful for inhibiting binding to a serotonin receptor. Methods of using the 3-amino chroman and 2-amino tetralin compounds and compositions containing such compounds in the treatment of serotonin disorders, such as depression and anxiety, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The device according to the invention is a device having organic thin films containing a light-emitting layer between an anode and a cathode that emits light by application of electric energy, characterized in that the light-emitting device contains at least a compound having the basic skeleton represented by the following General Formula (1) or (2). Use of the condensed polycyclic compound according to the invention allows production of high-brightness, high-efficiency light-emitting device superior in color purity.

Abstract: Small Molecule Metabolite Reporters (SMMRs) for use as in vivo glucose biosensors, sensor compositions, and methods of use, are described. The SMMRs include boronic acid-containing xanthene, coumarin, carbostyril and phenalene-based small molecules which are used for monitoring glucose in vivo, advantageously on the skin.

Abstract: Novel compounds based on phenyl-substituted naphtho[1,2-g]chrysene compounds (A) are described. The compounds are obtainable by dimerisation of 3-phenylchroman (isoflavonoid) ring systems (B). Methods of synthesis of the novel dimeric compounds, compositions containing same and use of the dimers as therapeutic agents are also described.

Abstract: The present teachings provide compounds of formulae I and II: where Q, Ra, R1, W, and n are as defined herein. The present teachings also provide methods of preparing compounds of formulae I and II, including methods of preparing compounds of formula II from compounds of formula I. The compounds disclosed herein can be used to prepare semiconductor materials and related composites and electronic devices.

Abstract: Novel energy transfer dyes which can be used with shorter wavelength light sources are provided. These dyes include a donor dye with an absorption maxima at a wavelength between about 250 to 450 nm and an acceptor dye which is capable of absorbing energy emitted from the donor dye. One of the energy transfer dyes has a donor dye which is a member of a class of dyes having a coumarin or pyrene ring structure and an acceptor dye which is capable of absorbing energy emitted from the donor dye, wherein the donor dye has an absorption maxima between about 250 and 450 nm and the acceptor dye has an emission maxima at a wavelength greater than about 500 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds of the naphthopyran type which have an annelated carbocycle in position 5,6. These compounds are of formula (I) given below: in which A is an alicyclic ring which is optionally annelated with an aromatic ring and in which two adjacent R3 can together form at least one ring, for example a benzo group. These compounds (I) possess interesting photochromic properties. The invention also relates to the method of preparing these compounds (I), as well as their applications as photochromes and compositions and (co)polymer matrices comprising them.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a hydroxylated isoflavone of the formula (I) given in the description comprises re-acting an appropriately substituted 2-hydroxydeoxybenzoin of the formula (II), also given in the description, with a formic acid anhydride of the formula HCOOCOR3, wherein R3 signifies C2-20-alkyl or various other groups as given in the description, in presence of a base or in a solvent which acts as a base, and if necessary promoting the ensuing hydrolysis of the so-produced acylated form of the hydroxylated isoflavone of the formula I by acidification. Of particular interest as products of this process are the 5,7dihydroxyisoflavones, e.g. genistein (5,7,4?-trihydroxyisoflavone). Isoflavones display many useful biochemical effects.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel benzotropolone derivatives represented by the general formula: including neotheaflavate B and EGCGCa. The benzotropolone derivatives of the present invention are effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. The present invention also provides novel method of synthesizing benzotropolone compounds in high yields and method of treating inflammatory conditions using benzotropolone containing compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel benzo-, naphtho- and phenanthrochromenes substituted by carbamated or ureated phenyls having the following general formula (I): wherein R1 represents a group their preparation, photochromic compositions and articles containing them. This family of compounds have interesting and useful photochromic properties, especially in terms of absorption band and discoloration speed.

Abstract: The invention related to a photochromic polymeric composition comprising a polymer matrix and a photochromic compound which is an adduct comprising a photochromic moiety and at least one pendant oligomer group to provide a rate of fade of the photochromic polymeric composition which is significantly changed when compared with the corresponding composition comprising the photochromic compound without said pendent oligomer. The invention also relates to a photochromic compound which is an adduct comprising a photochromic moiety and at least one pendent oligomer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of compound (A) comprising reacting compound (B) with compound (C). A further ring closure reaction may be necessary. The invention further relates to certain novel compounds of formula (B).

Abstract: A photochromic composition and a coating composition comprising a molecular compound of a chromene compound and an aromatic compound. The photochromic composition provides a photochromic optical material as a cured product and the coating composition is applied to a lens substrate and cured to provide a photochromic optical material. The above molecular compound is also provided.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of prostaglandin compounds having the formula (I): wherein A is selected from the group consisting of C1–C6 alkyl groups; C7–C16 aralkyl groups wherein an aryl portion thereof is unsubstituted or substituted with one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of C1–C6 alkyl groups, halo and CF3; and (CH2)nOR? wherein n is an integer from 1 to 3 and R? represents a C6–C10 aryl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of C1–C6 alkyl groups, halo and CF3; B is selected from OR? and NHR? wherein R? is C1–C6 alkyl groups; and represents a double bond or a single bond, is disclosed. Novel intermediates are also disclosed.

Abstract: The compound according to the formula set forth below and the use of the compound in creating fragrances, and scents in items such as perfumes, colognes and personal care products is disclosed.

Abstract: Novel energy transfer dyes which can be used with shorter wavelength light sources are provided. These dyes include a donor dye with an absorption maxima at a wavelength between about 250 to 450 nm and an acceptor dye which is capable of absorbing energy emitted from the donor dye. One of the energy transfer dyes has a donor dye which is a member of a class of dyes having a coumarin or pyrene ring structure and an acceptor dye which is capable of absorbing energy emitted from the donor dye, wherein the donor dye has an absorption maxima between about 250 and 450 nm and the acceptor dye has an emission maxima at a wavelength greater than about 500 nm.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of prostaglandin compounds having the formula (I): wherein A is selected from the group consisting of C1–C6 alkyl groups; C7–C16 aralkyl groups wherein an aryl portion thereof is unsubstituted or substituted with one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of C1–C6 alkyl groups, halo and CF3; and (CH2)nOR? wherein n is an integer from 1 to 3 and R? represents a C6–C10 aryl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of C1–C6 alkyl groups, halo and CF3; B is selected from OR? and NHR? wherein R? is C1–C6 alkyl groups; and represents a double bond or a single bond, is disclosed. Novel intermediates are also disclosed.

Abstract: A preparation process is provided for preparing a novel flavonoid compound having a high level of antioxidative action. The flavonoid compound is obtained by subjecting hesperidin to microbial fermentation treatment with Aspergillus saitoi.

Abstract: The invention provides cannabinol derivatives and pharmaceutical preparations thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel benzotropolone derivatives represented by the general formula: including neotheaflavate B and EGCGCa. The benzotropolone derivatives of the present invention are effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. The present invention also provides novel method of synthesizing benzotropolone compounds in high yields and method of treating inflammatory conditions using benzotropolone containing compounds.

Abstract: A chromene compound typically represented by the following formula, When placed in a state of developing color, the chromene compound exhibits absorption bands in two wavelength regions of 440 to 500 nm and 570 to 630 nm. A difference in the absorption intensity between the two absorption bands is small, and an intensity ratio in the color density in the two absorption bands is usually in a range of from 0.7 to 1.2. A color tone of a neutral tint such as grey or brown is obtained by using a single compound.

Abstract: An infrared dye, characterized in that the dye comprises a compound that can be described by molecule 1.

Abstract: Sulfonated diarylrhodamine compounds are useful as fluorescent labels of nucleosides, nucleotides, polynucleotides, and polypeptides. The compounds find particular application in the area of fluorescent nucleic acid analysis, e.g., automated DNA sequencing and fragment analysis, detection of probe hybridization in hybridization arrays, detection of nucleic acid amplification products, and the like.

Abstract: A photochromic naphthopyran displays good color distribution when the naphthopyran has a central nucleus of the formula: wherein F is a 5-member, 6-member, or 7-member heterocyclic ring group having only one heteroatom, the heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen, the 2,3 or 3,2 positions of the heterocyclic ring fused to the g, h, or i side; R1 and R2 are the atoms or groups providing photochromic properties to the naphthopyran.

Abstract: The present invention refers to new products generated by the conjugation of flavanols with molecules that contain the thiol group. New molecules are obtained from polyphenolic plant extracts rich in oligomeric and polymeric procyanidines and prodelfinidins. In this way, new products are generated with antioxidant properties for application as protective agents for the organism against disorders such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases and premature aging. The invention also refers to obtaining these new agents from waste material generated by the agroalimentary industry. Since these waste materials are highly complex mixtures a simple and effective method is described to isolate and purify these, based on the physico-chemical characteristics of the new molecules.

Abstract: The present invention relates to specific photochromic heterocyclically annellated indenochromene derivatives and the use thereof in plastics of all types, particularly for ophthalmic applications.

Abstract: A chromene compound represented by the general formula (1), wherein R1 to R4 are hydrogen atoms, hydroxyl groups, alkyl groups, alkoxy groups, substituted amino groups or halogen atoms, R1 to R4 may be bonded together to form a ring, R5 and R6 are alkyl groups, aryl groups or heteroaryl groups, or R5 and R6 together may form a ring, a cyclic group containing X or Y is an aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group, and a divalent group Z is an alkylene group. This compound exhibits excellent photochromic properties, such as small initial color, a large fading rate, excellent resistance and developing a color tone of a neutral tint.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the production of polyphenol oligomers having n polyphenol monomeric units, n being an integer from 2-18. The process includes coupling of a protected polyphenol, having protected phenolic hydroxyl groups, with a C-4 functionalized polyphenol monomer. The protected polyphenol may be a protected polyphenol monomer or a protected polyphenol oligomer having 2-17 monomeric units. Advantageously, polyphenol monomeric units forming the polyphenol oligomers may be the same or different flavanoid compounds.

Abstract: A chromene compound represented by the general formula (1), 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic light emitting diode (OLED) device, comprising an anode disposed on a substrate, an organic EL layer disposed on the anode and a cathode disposed on the organic EL layer.

Abstract: Sulfonated diarylrhodamine compounds are useful as fluorescent labels of nucleosides, nucleotides, polynucleotides, and polypeptides. The compounds find particular application in the area of fluorescent nucleic acid analysis, e.g., automated DNA sequencing and fragment analysis, detection of probe hybridization in hybridization arrays, detection of nucleic acid amplification products, and the like.

Abstract: Described are novel reversible photochromic indenonaphthopyran compounds, examples of which are 2H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyrans characterized by having a substituted or unsubstituted indeno group fused at the 2,3 positions of the group to the 1 side of the 2H-naphthopyran. The compounds also have substituents at the 3 position of the pyran ring. Substituents may also be present at the number 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, or 13 carbon atoms of the compounds. These compounds may be represented by the following graphic formulae: Also described are various substrates, e.g., paper, glass, organic polymeric materials, etc., that contain or that are coated with such compounds. Optically clear articles such as ophthalmic lenses or other plastic transparencies that incorporate the novel indenonaphthopyran compounds or combinations thereof with complementary photochromic compounds, e.g., indenonaphthopyrans, naphthopyrans, benzopyrans, oxazine-type compounds, etc., are also described.

Abstract: The application discloses methods of treating mammalian diseases characterized by abnormal cell mitosis by administering estradiol derivatives including those comprising colchicine or combretastatin A-4 structural motifs of the general formulae found below in a dosage sufficient to inhibit cell mitosis. The application discloses novel compounds used in the methods.

Abstract: A set of 4,7-dichlororhodamine compounds useful as fluorescent dyes are disclosed having the structures wherein R1-R6 are hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, lower alkyl, lower alkene, lower alkyne, sulfonate, sulfone, amino, amido, nitrile, lower alkoxy, linking group, or, when taken together, R1 and R6 is benzo, or, when taken together, R4 and R5 is benzo; R7-R10, R12-R16 and R18 may be hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, lower alkyl, lower alkene, lower alkyne, sulfonate, sulfone, amino, amido, nitrile, lower alkoxy, linking group; R11 and R17 may be hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkene, lower alkyne, phenyl, aryl, linking group; Y1-Y4 are hydrogen, lower alkyl, or cycloalkyl, or, when taken together, Y1 and R2, Y2 and R1 Y3 and R3, and/or Y4 and R4 is propano, ethano, or substituted forms thereof, and X1-X3 taken separately are hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine, lower alkyl, carboxylate, sulfonate, hydroxymethyl, and linking group, or any combinations thereof In another aspect, the invention includes reag

Abstract: The present invention relates to specific photochromic heterocyclically annellated indenochromene derivatives and the use thereof in plastics of all types, particularly for ophthalmic applications.

Abstract: The compound according to the formula set forth below where A is B is or A and B together form the ring structure and X, R′ and R are independently H and CH3 and m=0 or 1. and the use of the compound in creating fragrances, and scents in items such as perfumes, colognes and personal care products is disclosed.

Abstract: Sulfonated diarylrhodamine compounds are useful as fluorescent labels of nucleosides, nucleotides, polynucleotides, and polypeptides. The compounds find particular application in the area of fluorescent nucleic acid analysis, e.g., automated DNA sequencing and fragment analysis, detection of probe hybridization in hybridization arrays, detection of nucleic acid amplification products, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the synthesis of oxandrolone from mestanolone. The process comprises the steps of: (a) oxidizing mestanolone to form 17&bgr;-hydroxy-17&agr;-methyl-5&agr;-androst-1-en-3-one; (b) hydroxylating the 17&bgr;-hydroxy-17&agr;-methyl-5&agr;-androst-1-en-3-one to form 1&agr;,2&agr;,17&bgr;-trihydroxy-17&agr;-methylandrostan-3-one; (c) cleaving the 1&agr;,2&agr;,17&bgr;-trihydroxy-17&agr;-methylandrostan-3-one to form 17&bgr;-hydroxy-17&agr;-methyl-1-oxo-1,2,-seco-A-nor-5&agr;-androstan-2-oic acid; and (d) reducing the 17&bgr;-hydroxy-17&agr;-methyl-1-oxo-1,2,-seco-A-nor-5&agr;-androstan-2-oic acid to form oxandrolone.

Abstract: A compound isolated from an aqueous leachate of heartwood of “Palo de Brazil” Caesalpinia brasiliensis has antihypertensive activity. The compound was isolated by reversed-phase high pressure liquid chromatography to separate it from haematoxylin, which is co-extracted with the new compound. The compound is effective in reducing the blood pressure of hypertensive Sprague-Dawley rats.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel naphthopyran-type compounds, which are annelated in position C5-C6 with a seven-membered carbocycle, and which are of formula (I) given below: These compounds (I) possess interesting photochromic properties. The invention also relates to their preparation, their applications as photochromes as well as the compositions and (co)polymer matrices containing them.

Abstract: A light emitting device material comprising a compound represented by the following formula (I): wherein R1, R2 and R3, which may be the same or different, each represents an aryl group, a heterocyclic group or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, provided that at least one of R1, R2 and R3 represents an aryl group or a heterocyclic group, containing a group represented by the following formula (II): wherein R4, R5 and R6, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent; X1 represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, N—RX1 or CRX2RX3; RX1, RX2, RX3, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent; R4, R5, R6 and X1 may be linked to each other to form a ring; Y represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or N—RY1; and RY1 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.