Abstract: Methods and compositions are described that remove chlorine from a chlorine-containing gas stream. The method includes adding a carbonate salt and optionally a scale inhibitor to a scrubbing liquid in a wet scrubbing system, and contacting the chlorine-containing gas with the scrubbing liquid. The amount of carbonate salt that is added can vary depending on the pH of the scrubbing liquid.

Abstract: Mixtures of three types of linear, branched or cyclic phosphates are useful flame retardants, especially for thermoplastic resins or as functional additives in polymer matrices.

Abstract: Process for preparing an alkenylphosphonic acid derivative by reacting a phosphonic acid derivative with an alkyne in the presence of a catalyst complex system, wherein the catalyst complex system comprises (a) nickel, (b) a phosphine having at least two trivalent phosphorus atoms and in addition (c) a phosphine having one trivalent phosphorus atom.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for making phosphorus compounds R2P—X—PR2, R2P-M, R2P-L and R3P, and the novel cation R2P+(L)-X—P+(L)R2, where R represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group, X represents a bridging group, L represents a leaving group and M represents an alkali metal atom. The invention relates further to a process for making a compound R2P-L from a compound R—H via a new process for making the compound R—Li followed by its reaction with a compound Hal2P-L. The compound R2P—X—PR2 is a ligand suitable for making catalysts for copolymerizing carbon monoxide and a olefinically unsaturated compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of phosphorus-containing compounds of the formula (I) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cyclohexyl-, cyclopentyl-, aryl-, halogen-, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)-alkyl- or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)-alkoxy-substituted aryl radical, where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, together with the phosphorus atom and the oxygen atom, can also form a ring, in particular an oxaphosphorin ring, which comprises metering acrylonitrile at elevated temperature into a compound of the formula (II) ##STR2## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are as defined above.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing of phosphorus-containing dicarboxylic acids of the formula (I) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and are each a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic radical having 5 or 6 carbon atoms in the ring, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl radical having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 form, with inclusion of the phosphorus atom, a ring having from 5 to 8 members, and m and n are each, independently of one another 0 or 1, by reacting a compound of the formula (II) ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and m are as defined above, with fumaric acid, maleic acid or itaconic acid in the presence of a saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having a total of from 1 to 5 carbon atoms as solvent at from 100.degree. to 200.degree. C. under atmospheric pressure or superatmospheric pressure.

Abstract: The preparation of .alpha.-carbonylphosphine oxides by oxidizing an .alpha.-hydroxyalkyl phosphine oxide with an organic hydroperoxide or of an organic peroxy acid in the presence of a compound of a Group IV to Group VIII metal in the periodic table, and novel .alpha.-hydroxybenzyl phosphine oxides..alpha.-Carbonylphosphine oxides are used as photoinitiators for polymerizable compositions.

Abstract: A dibenzo-[c,e] [1,2] oxaphosphorine of the formula I and process of making said compound ##STR1## wherein n=1 or 2 and in which R.sup.1 is a monovalent or divalent aromatic radical wherein a Grignard compound R.sup.1 (MgHal).sub.n is reacted with 6-chloro-6H-dibenzo[c,e][1,2] oxaphosphorine.This compound optionally with phenolic antioxidants, provides stabilization in polymers.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of aryl phosphonites of the formula V ##STR1## wherein the radicals and n are defined in the disclosure. The invention further relates to a plastic molding composition, in particular a polyolefin molding composition containing aryl phosphonites of the formula V.

Abstract: Diarylphosphinous acid aryl esters are made by the disclosed process. These compounds are useful for stabilizing plastics, in particular polymerization plastics, and hence can be incorporated into a plastic molding composition.

Abstract: A method is provided for preparing a phosphonic acid ester having the structure ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is farnesyl or a derivative or analog thereof, and R.sup.2 is lower alkyl, by treating a farnesyl halide R.sup.1 Hal(Hal=Cl,Br,I) with an alkoxide of the structure ##STR2## wherein M is an alkali metal and R.sup.2c is lower alkyl. The resulting phosphonic acid ester is an intermediate in preparing a squalene synthetase inhibitor which is used for inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis.

Abstract: The invention relates to an N-sulfomethylglycinate of formula:HO.sub.3 S--CH.sub.2 --NH--CH.sub.2 --COOR.sub.1 (I)COOR.sub.1 being a hydrolysable carboxylic ester group.It also relates to a process for the preparation of the compound of formula (I) consisting in putting in contact sulfur dioxide, formaldehyde, and glycine in the presence of a R.sub.1 OH alcohol, or glycinate.It also relates to the use of the compound of formula (I) for the preparation of herbicides of the glyphosate type of reaction with a phosphite or a phosphonate of formula (R.sub.2 O).sub.2 P (O) H in which (R.sub.2 O).sub.2 P is a hydrolysable phosphonic ester group, then optionally by a subsequent hydrolysis reaction.

Abstract: The said compounds are prepared by reaction of trialkyl phosphites with phosphorus trichloride and/or dichlorophosphinous acid monoalkyl esters at -20 to +100.degree. C. and direct subsequent reaction with alkylmagnesium chloride or alkylmagnesium bromide at -60 to +50.degree. C. and subsequent separation of the desired compounds from the distillate of the volatile compounds. Dialkyl alkylphosphonites and monoalkyl dialkylphosphinites are thus obtained without troublesome and expensive purification of intermediates. The phosphorus-containing esters produced are, for their part, useful intermediates, for example for the preparation of flame retardants and plant protection agents.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of organophosphorus derivatives of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol with a high proportion of organophosphorus derivatives of biphenyl, which comprises reacting, in a first step, a 4,4'-dihalobiphenyl whose halogen has an atomic weight of at least 35, under Grignard conditions with magnesium to form the corresponding Grignard compound and this is further reacted in a second step with bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) chlorophosphite with the formation of a mixture in which at least 50% by weight of the phosphorus is combined in the form of tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) 4,4'-biphenylenediphosphonite. The invention further relates to a polyolefin molding composition containing tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) 4,4'-biphenylenediphosphonite which was prepared by reaction of a 4,4'-dihalobiphenyl whose halogen has an atomic weight of at least 35 with magnesium to form the Grignard compound and by subsequent reaction with bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) chlorophosphite.

Abstract: Phosphobetaines of the general formula ##STR1## are disclosed in which R.sup.1 is an alkyl group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with OH groups, or the ##STR2## group, in which R.sup.6 is a divalent alkylene group with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with OH group,R.sup.2 is a divalent hydrocarbon group with 2 to 10 carbon atoms, the chain of which may be interrupted by one or more nitrogen atoms,R.sup.1, R.sup.5 are the same or different and represent alkyl or benzyl groups andR.sup.4 is an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms.Also disclosed is the synthesis of these compounds and their use as surface active substances, preferably for the treatment of polar surfaces in the industrial area.

Abstract: Compounds which are useful as inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis and thus as hypocholesterolemic agents are provided which have the structure ##STR1## Z is --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- or --(CH.sub.2).sub.p --CH.dbd.CH--(CH.sub.2).sub.m --, wherein n is 1 to 5; p is 0, 1 or 2; m is 0, 1 or 2;R, R.sup.1 and R.sup.1a are the same or different and are H, lower alkyl or a metal ion; andR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may be the same or different and are H or halogen.New intermediates used in preparing the above compounds and method for preparing same, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and a method for using such compounds to inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis are also provided.

Abstract: Preparation of intermediates for herbicides of formula ##STR1## by the reaction of organic phosphites with benzoxazines of formulaBzx--CH.sub.2 --CO--Y (II)in whichBzx denotes the radical of formula: ##STR2## X is a usual substituent of phenols n is an integer from 0 to 4R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are H or such that OR.sup.1 and OR.sup.2 are hydrolyzableY is --OM or --NR.sup.3 R.sup.4M is H or is such that COOM is a salt or an esterR.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are H or a hydrocarbon radical, and one of them can be R.sup.5 --SO.sub.2 --, andR.sup.5 is a hydrocarbon radical, substiuted if appropriate. Products obtained by the process and their use as herbicides.

Abstract: Phosphinites or phosphonites are produced by reacting potassium or sodium aryls with compounds of formula ROPClX in which X is an R'O, Cl or aryl group, R and R' being alkyl or cycloalkyl groups at a temperature of at most 10.degree. C.

Abstract: Reaction products of sulfurized olefins, e.g., isobutylene with a dialkyl hydrogen phosphite and an alkyl primary amine provide antiwear characteristics and improved retention of copper corrosion protection for lubricant compositions when incorporated therein.

Abstract: A cyclic organic phosphorus compound useful as a stabilizer and a fire retardant for organic substances, particularly, high molecular weight compounds is provided, which compound is expressed by the formula (I): ##STR1## and further a process for producing the above compound (I) is provided, which process comprises reacting a compound expressed by the formula (II): ##STR2## with 1,4-benzoquinone.