Abstract: Ceramic compositions having a dispersion of nano-particles therein and methods of fabricating ceramic compositions having a dispersion of nano-particles therein are described. In an example, a method of forming a composition having a dispersion of nano-particles therein includes forming a mixture of semiconductor nano-particles and ceramic precursor molecules. A ceramic matrix is formed from the ceramic precursor molecules. The ceramic matrix includes a dispersion of the semiconductor nano-particles therein. In another example, a composition includes a medium including ceramic precursor molecules. The medium is a liquid or gel at 25 degrees Celsius. A plurality of semiconductor nano-particles is suspended in the medium.

Abstract: A process of synthesizing nanocrystals, the process including contacting a first precursor, a ligand compound, and a second precursor in a solvent having a boiling point of less than or equal to about 150° C. and a polarity index of less than or equal to 5, and performing a thermal decomposition reaction between the first precursor and the second precursor at a higher pressure than atmospheric pressure and at a higher temperature than a boiling point of the solvent, wherein at least one of the first precursor and the second precursor is a metal-containing precursor.

Abstract: Provided are a method of forming nano dots, method of fabricating a memory device including the same, charge trap layer including the nano dots and memory device including the same. The method of forming the nano dots may include forming cores, coating surfaces of the cores with a polymer, and forming graphene layers covering the surfaces of the cores by thermally treating the cores coated with the polymer. Also, the cores may be removed after forming the graphene layers. In addition, the surfaces of the cores may be coated with a graphitization catalyst material before coating the cores with the polymer. Also, the cores may include metal particles that trap charges and may also function as a graphitization catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of preparing inorganic nanoparticles. In one aspect, the methods can comprise heating a reaction mixture comprising a C8 to C20 alkyl- or arylphosphonic acid and a source of cadmium or zinc to a temperature of greater than about 300° C.; adding to the reaction mixture an injection mixture comprising a C2 to C16 trialkyl- or triarylphosphine and a source of selenium, sulfur, or tellurium; and decreasing the temperature of the reaction mixture to less than about 300° C. Also disclosed herein are nanoparticles made from the disclosed methods. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: Matrixes doped with semiconductor nanocrystals are provided. In certain embodiments, the semiconductor nanocrystals have a size and composition such that they absorb or emit light at particular wavelengths. The nanocrystals can comprise ligands that allow for mixing with various matrix materials, including polymers, such that a minimal portion of light is scattered by the matrixes. The matrixes are optionally formed from the ligands. The matrixes of the present invention can be used as refractive index matching components, filters and antireflective coatings on optical devices and as down-converting layers. Processes for producing matrixes comprising semiconductor nanocrystals are also provided. Nanostructures having high quantum efficiency, small size, and/or a narrow size distribution are also described, as are methods of producing indium phosphide nanostructures and core-shell nanostructures with Group II-VI shells.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed toward devices, systems, and method for conducting assays using sedimentation. In one example, a method includes layering a mixture on a density medium, subjecting sedimentation particles in the mixture to sedimentation forces to cause the sedimentation particles to move to a detection area through a density medium, and detecting a target analyte in a detection region of the sedimentation channel. In some examples, the sedimentation particles and labeling agent may have like charges to reduce non-specific binding of labeling agent and sedimentation particles. In some examples, the density medium is provided with a separation layer for stabilizing the assay during storage and operation. In some examples, the sedimentation channel may be provided with a generally flat sedimentation chamber for dispersing the particle pellet over a larger surface area.

Abstract: A method for producing aqueous compatible semiconductor nanoparticles includes binding pre-modified ligands to nanoparticles without the need for further post-binding modification to render the nanoparticles aqueous compatible. Nanoparticles modified in this way may exhibit enhanced fluorescence and stability compared to aqueous compatible nanoparticles produced by methods requiring post-binding modification processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a perfluorocarbon nanoemulsion containing quantum dot nanoparticles and a method for preparing the same, more specifically, relates to a method for preparing a multifunctional perfluorocarbon nanoemulsion which simultaneously shows the fluorine-based magnetic resonance properties of perfluorocarbon and the optical properties of quantum dot nanoparticles, the method comprising dispersing quantum dot nanoparticles, modified with a fluorine end group, in perfluorocarbon, and then adding an aqueous emulsifier solution containing lipid to the dispersion. The disclosed perfluorocarbon nanoemulsion containing quantum dot nanoparticles has excellent biocompatibility and simultaneously shows optical properties and magnetic resonance properties, and thus can be used as a contrast agent for multi-mode molecular imaging. Accordingly, the nanoemulsion can be used to study cell and small-animal molecular imaging in various fields, including biological and medical fields.

Abstract: Solar-redshift systems comprise an integral array of redshift modules, each having at least a focusing device, a target, and a quantum-dot vessel. The quantum-dot vessel contains quantum dots that emit light having an emission wavelength. The focusing device directs incident solar radiation through a focusing gap and toward the quantum-dot vessel, or into a slab waveguide and then toward the quantum-dot vessel, causing the quantum dots to emit redshifted light having the emission wavelength. The redshifted light is directed to the target, examples of which include a photovoltaic material or a living photosynthetic organism. The target has increased sensitivity or response to photons having the wavelength of the redshifted light. A trapping reflector component of the quantum-dot vessel prevents loss of redshifted light to the environment outside the solar-redshift system and allows undesirable infrared light to be removed from the system.

Abstract: A method (300) and device (400) with enhanced display efficiency is disclosed. The method (300) can include: emitting (310) light from a source including a first light; converting (320) the first light of a single color to at least a second light with a color gamut of converted light, the converting including a layer of pixilated nanomaterial; and filtering (330) to reject light that is not converted. Advantageously, the method provides a low power consumption display. The method is particularly adapted for use in electronic devices with batteries such that it can help to increase the useful life of the battery.

Abstract: An optical semiconductor device includes a substrate; and an active layer disposed on the substrate, wherein the active layer includes a first barrier layer containing GaAs, a quantum dot layer, which is disposed on the first barrier layer, which includes a quantum dot containing InAs, which includes a side barrier layer which covers at least a part of the quantum dot and a side surface of the quantum dot, and having an elongation strain inherent therein, and a second barrier layer disposed on the quantum dot layer.

Abstract: Provided are methods for introducing a molecule of interest into a plant cell comprising a cell wall. Methods are provided for genetically or otherwise modifying plants and for treating or preventing disease in plant cells comprising a cell wall.

Abstract: A nanocrystal including a core including a Group III element and a Group V element, and a monolayer shell on the surface of the core, the shell including a compound of the formula ZnSexS(1-x), wherein 0?x?1, and wherein an average mole ratio of Se:S in the monolayer shell ranges from about 2:1 to about 20:1.

Abstract: A method and a device for detecting the presence of a predetermined substance, in which a quantum dot is produced on a substrate. The quantum dot emits a radiation at a predetermined wavelength, and is covered with a surface layer to which the predetermined substance attaches. A deviation of the value of a parameter related to the radiation is produced when the predetermined substance attaches to the surface layer. This deviation can be detected to thereby sense the presence of the predetermined substance.

Abstract: Disclosed are an optical sheet, a display device including the same, and a method for manufacturing the same. The optical sheet includes a host layer, a plurality of wavelength conversion particles in the host layer, and a plurality of optical path change particles in the host layer.

Abstract: A composite photovoltaic cell comprised of a substrate overlaid with metallic nanoparticles sensitized with quantum dots. Using flexible or rigid substrates in conjunction with metallic nanoparticles and quantum dots a highly efficient photovoltaic cell can be formed by using localized surface plasmon resonance. The localized surface plasmon resonance of the metallic nanoparticles enhances the absorption of photons and is further sensitized by quantum dots.

Abstract: A magnetic oxide-quantum dot nanocomposite and methods of synthesizing it. In one embodiment, the magnetic oxide-quantum dot nanocomposite has at least one magnetic oxide nanoparticle coated with a silica (SiO2) shell and terminated with at least one thiol group (—SH), and at least one CdSe/ZnS quantum dot linked with the at least one SiO2-coated magnetic oxide nanoparticle via the at least one thiol group. In one embodiment, the at least one magnetic oxide nanoparticle comprises at least one iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticle.

Abstract: A method of producing nanoparticles comprises effecting conversion of a nanoparticle precursor composition to the material of the nanoparticles. The precursor composition comprises a first precursor species containing a first ion to be incorporated into the growing nanoparticles and a separate second precursor species containing a second ion to be incorporated into the growing nanoparticles. The conversion is effected in the presence of a molecular cluster compound under conditions permitting seeding and growth of the nanoparticles.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a novel synthetic method for producing nanoscale heterostructures, and particularly nanoscale heterostructure particles, rods and sheets, that comprise a metal core and a monocrystalline semiconductor shell with substantial lattice mismatches between them. More specifically, the invention concerns the use of controlled soft acid-base coordination reactions between molecular complexes and colloidal nanostructures to drive the nanoscale monocrystalline growth of the semiconductor shell with a lattice structure incommensurate with that of the core. The invention also relates to more complex hybrid core-shell structures that exhibit azimuthal and radial nano-tailoring of structures. The invention is additionally directed to the use of such compositions in semiconductor devices.

Abstract: A method of forming an optoelectronic device. The method includes providing a deposition surface and contacting the deposition surface with a ligand exchange chemical and contacting the deposition surface with a quantum dot (QD) colloid. This initial process is repeated over one or more cycles to form an initial QD film on the deposition surface. The method further includes subsequently contacting the QD film with a secondary treatment chemical and optionally contacting the surface with additional QDs to form an enhanced QD layer exhibiting multiple exciton generation (MEG) upon absorption of high energy photons by the QD active layer. Devices having an enhanced QD active layer as described above are also disclosed.

Abstract: Designs of extremely high efficiency solar cells are described. A novel alternating bias scheme enhances the photovoltaic power extraction capability above the cell band-gap by enabling the extraction of hot carriers. When applied in conventional solar cells, this alternating bias scheme has the potential of more than doubling their yielded net efficiency. When applied in conjunction with solar cells incorporating quantum wells (QWs) or quantum dots (QDs) based solar cells, the described alternating bias scheme has the potential of extending such solar cell power extraction coverage, possibly across the entire solar spectrum, thus enabling unprecedented solar power extraction efficiency. Within such cells, a novel alternating bias scheme extends the cell energy conversion capability above the cell material band-gap while the quantum confinement structures are used to extend the cell energy conversion capability below the cell band-gap.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a hairpin probe for detecting a target pathogenic microorganism in a sample. The hairpin probe includes a microbead and an oligonucleotide having its 3?-end coupled to the microbead. The oligonucleotide includes, from 5? to 3?, a Tag sequence hybridizable to a specific identification sequence of the pathogenic microorganism, an internal control sequence having at least four words each having 4 nucleotides with a 75% AT-content, an anti-Tag sequence being a reverse complement of the Tag sequence, and a tail having at least two consecutive thymidine residues. The Tag and anti-Tag sequences are operable to form a stem of the hairpin probe with the internal control sequence being a loop. Also disclosed herein are, a kit including the hairpin probe and a method for using the kit in the detection of a target pathogenic microorganism.

Abstract: A display system comprises light sources configured to emit first light with a first spectral power distribution; light regeneration layers configured to be stimulated by the first light and to convert at least a portion of the first light and recycled light into second light, the second light comprising (a) primary spectral components that correspond to primary colors and (b) secondary spectral components that do not correspond to the primary colors; and notch filter layers configured to receive a portion of the second light and to filter out the secondary spectral components from the portion of the second light. The portion of the second light can be directed to a viewer of the display system and configured to render images viewable to the viewer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to solution processed nanomaterials, and methods for their manufacture, with activity in the infrared (IR) region for a variety of commercial and defense applications, including conformal large-area IR coatings, devices and pigments that necessitate an absorption band edge in the MWIR or LWIR.

Abstract: Described are embodiments of an invention for a sample assembly with an electrical conductor for generating an electromagnetic field to speed up the tagging of target antigens with antiparticles for detection of the antigens by electromagnetic read heads. A sample assembly includes a surface with a first set of antibodies bonded thereon. Target antigens are bonded with the first set of antibodies. A second set of antibodies bonded to nanoparticles are exposed to the sample surface to bond with the target antigens. The electrical conductor generates an electromagnetic field that moves the nanoparticle-labeled antibodies toward the antigens to shorten the time to complete their bonding process.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the phase-controlled synthesis of ternary and quaternary mixed-metal sulfide nanoparticles by reacting soft metal ions with hard metal ions in a high-boiling organic solvent in the presence of a complexing and activating ligands to control the reactivity of the metal ions. Ternary and quaternary mixed metal sulfides nanoparticles of copper, sulfur, and iron, aluminum, tin, and silicon are preferred. This invention also relates to the phase controlled preparation of polymorphs of bornite nanoparticles and the phase controlled preparation of stabilized ?- and ?-chalconite nanoparticles.

Abstract: Amongst the candidates for very high efficiency solid state light sources and full solar spectrum solar cells are devices based upon InGaN nanowires. Additionally these nanowires typically require heterostructures, quantum dots, etc which all place requirements for these structures to be grown with relatively few defects and in a controllable reproducible manner. Additionally flexibility according to the device design requires that the nanowire at the substrate may be either InN or GaN. According to the invention a method of growing relatively defect free nanowires and associated structures for group IIIA-nitrides is presented without the requirement for foreign metal catalysts and overcoming the non-uniform growth of prior art non-catalyst growth techniques. According to other embodiments of the invention self-organizing dot-within-a-dot nanowire and dot-within-a-dot-within-a-well nanowire structures are presented.

Abstract: Optical resonators that are enhanced with photoluminescent phosphors and are designed and configured to output light at one or more wavelengths based on input/pump light, and systems and devices made with such resonators. In some embodiments, the resonators contain multiple optical resonator cavities in combination with one or more photoluminescent phosphor layers or other structures. In other embodiments, the resonators are designed to simultaneously resonate at the input/pump and output wavelengths. The photoluminescent phosphors can be any suitable photoluminescent material, including semiconductor and other materials in quantum-confining structures, such as quantum wells and quantum dots, among others.

Abstract: Lighting devices having highly luminescent quantum dots are described. In an example, a lighting apparatus includes a housing structure or a substrate. The lighting apparatus also includes a light emitting diode supported within the housing structure or disposed on the substrate, respectively. The lighting apparatus also includes a light conversion layer disposed above the light emitting diode. The light conversion layer includes a plurality of quantum dots. Each quantum dot includes an anisotropic nanocrystalline core having a first semiconductor material and having an aspect ratio between, but not including, 1.0 and 2.0. Each quantum dot also includes a nanocrystalline shell having a second, different, semiconductor material at least partially surrounding the anisotropic nanocrystalline core.

Abstract: Provided is a silicon-wafer-based germanium semiconductor photodetector configured to be able to provide properties of high gain, high sensitivity, and high speed, at a relatively low voltage. A germanium-based carrier multiplication layer (e.g., a single germanium layer or a germanium and silicon superlattice layer) may be provided on a silicon wafer, and a germanium charge layer may be provided thereon, a germanium absorption layer may be provided on the charge layer, and a polysilicon second contact layer may be provided on the absorption layer. The absorption layer may be configured to include germanium quantum dots or wires.

Abstract: Methods for introducing a linear nucleic acid molecule of interest into a cell comprising a cell wall include use of nanoparticles coated with polyethylene glycol. In some embodiments, the cell comprising a cell wall is a plant cell. Methods include genetically or otherwise modifying plants and for treating or preventing disease in plant cells comprising a cell wall. Transgenic plants include a nucleic acid molecule of interest produced by regeneration of whole plants from plant cells transformed with linear nucleic acid molecules.

Abstract: Preparation of semiconductor nanocrystals and their dispersions in solvents and other media is described. The nanocrystals described herein have small (1-10 nm) particle size with minimal aggregation and can be synthesized with high yield. The capping agents on the as-synthesized nanocrystals as well as nanocrystals which have undergone cap exchange reactions result in the formation of stable suspensions in polar and nonpolar solvents which may then result in the formation of high quality nanocomposite films.

Abstract: A nanostructure and method for assembly thereof are disclosed. The nanostructure includes a gain medium nanoparticle; an output coupler nanoparticle being discrete from and linked to the gain medium nanoparticle; and a plurality of metal nanoparticles being linked about the gain medium nanoparticle, wherein the gain medium nanoparticle and the output coupler nanoparticle are included in the nanostructure in a one to one ratio.

Abstract: A liquid-cooled LED bulb including a base and a shell connected to the base forming an enclosed volume. The liquid-cooled LED bulb also includes a plurality of LEDs attached to the base and disposed within the shell. The LED bulb also includes a thermally-conductive liquid held within the enclosed volume and a quantum dot material for adjusting the wavelength of light emitted from LED bulb.

Abstract: A display that contains a backlight that incorporates an optical coating either on or above the light guide in order to reduce the appearance of optical hotspots on the display is provided. The optical coating can be patterned to correspond to the position of each light emitting diode in the display and can be made, as an example, from either reflective, diffusive or dichroic material. The coating can work to overcome the hotspots created by insufficient light mixing distance in the backlight.

Abstract: A photoconductor and method of forming a photoconductor comprising forming a charge generation material comprising a plurality of quantum dots, and forming an active region comprising one or more photoconductor layers comprising the charge generation material including the quantum dots is disclosed.

Abstract: A semiconductor light emitting device includes: a package which is made of a resin and includes a recess; a lead frame exposed to a bottom of the recess; a semiconductor light emitting element connected to the lead frame in the recess; a resin layer in contact with the lead frame in the recess and over the bottom of the recess; and a quantum dot phosphor layer above the resin layer and the semiconductor light emitting element, in which the resin layer includes a ceramic fine particle, and the quantum dot phosphor layer includes at least one of semiconductor fine particles having an excitation fluorescence spectrum which differs according to a particle size, and a resin holding the semiconductor fine particles dispersedly.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes: a light emitting section including an active layer configured to emit light by application of a voltage; and a thin metal film disposed on a region of the light emitting section irradiated with the light. The thin metal film has a plurality of openings each having a diameter that is smaller than a wavelength of the light, and at least one phosphor is placed in each of the openings.

Abstract: Highly uniform silicon/germanium nanoparticles can be formed into stable dispersions with a desirable small secondary particle size. The silicon/germanium particles can be surface modified to form the dispersions. The silicon/germanium nanoparticles can be doped to change the particle properties. The dispersions can be printed as an ink for appropriate applications. The dispersions can be used to form selectively doped deposits of semiconductor materials such as for the formation of photovoltaic cells or for the formation of printed electronic circuits.

Abstract: The invention can be used for producing different luminescent materials and as a basis for producing subminiature light-emitting diodes, white light sources, single-electron transistors, nonlinear optical devices and photosensitive and photovoltaic devices. The inventive method for producing semiconductor quantum dots involves synthesizing nanocrystal nuclei from a chalcogen-containing precursor and a precursor containing a group II or IV metal using an organic solvent and a surface modifier. The method is characterized in that (aminoalkyl)trialkoxysilanes are used as the surface modifier, core synthesis is carried out at a permanent temperature ranging from 150 to 250 C for 15 seconds to 1 hour and in that the reaction mixture containing the nanocrystal is additionally treated by UV-light for 1-10 minutes and by ultrasound for 5-15 minutes.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is disclosed comprising: a substrate having a surface comprising germanium; a layer of gallium on said surface; and a layer of gallium arsenide on the gallium covered surface. The semiconductor heterostructure of gallium arsenide on germanium is fabricated by the steps of: protecting by a shutter a surface comprising germanium in an environment having a partial pressure of arsenic less than 10?8torr; epitaxially growing a layer of gallium on the said surface immediately after exposure of said surface; and epitaxially growing a layer of gallium arsenide on the gallium covered surface.

Abstract: An improved approach is described to implement an LED-based large area display which uses an array of single color solid state lighting elements (e.g. LEDs). In some embodiments, the panel comprises an array of blue LEDs, where each pixel of the array comprises three blue LEDs. An overlay is placed over the array of blue LEDs, where the overlay comprises a printed array of phosphor portions. Each pixel on the PCB comprised of three blue LEDs is matched to a corresponding portion of the overlay having the printed phosphor portions. The printed phosphor portions of the overlay includes a number of regions of blue light excitable phosphor materials that are configured to convert, by a process of photoluminescence, blue excitation light generated by the light sources into green or red and colored light. Regions of the overlay associated with generating blue light comprise an aperture/window that allows blue light to pass through the overlay.

Abstract: A light source module includes a light source unit which generates a light; a light emitting part spaced apart from the light source unit and comprising a light emitting surface; and a light transmitting part which transmits the light generated by the light source unit to the light emitting part. The light emitting part emits the light transmitted by the light transmitting part, through the light emitting surface.

Abstract: The assembly is made up of: a) a support including a mesoporous coating whose pores have an average diameter dimensioned so as to enable molecules from the family of cyanines to penetrate them, and b) a layer of molecules from the family of cyanines and organized into J-aggregates within the pores of the coating. The assembly moreover includes Quantum Dots located within the same pores as those containing the J-aggregates, the Quantum Dots maintaining J-aggregates structure. A method for producing such an assembly is also described.

Abstract: Labels and methods of producing labels for use in clinical, analytical and pharmaceutical development assays are provided. Labels may comprise shape-encoded particles which may be coupled to ligands such as DNA, RNA and antibodies, where different shapes are used to identify which ligand(s) are present. Labels may also comprise reflectors, including retroreflectors and retroreflectors susceptible to analyte-dependent assembly for efficient homogeneous assays.

Abstract: A method of preparing Group XIII selenide nanoparticles comprises reacting a Group XIII ion source with a selenol compound. The nanoparticles have an MxSey semiconductor core (where M is In or Ga) and an organic capping ligand attached to the core via a carbon-selenium bond. The selenol provides a source of selenium for incorporation into the semiconductor core and also provides the organic capping ligand. The nanoparticles are particularly suitable for solution-based methods of preparing semiconductor films.

Abstract: Provided is an electrochromic device with a solar cell. The device may include first and second substrates spaced apart from and facing each other, an electrolytic layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first electrode between the first substrate and the electrolytic layer, a second electrode between the second substrate and the electrolytic layer, an electrochromic layer between the first electrode and the electrolytic layer, and a counter electrode between the second electrode and the electrolytic layer. The counter electrode may be a silicon solar cell.

Abstract: A population of bright and stable nanocrystals is provided. The nanocrystals include a semiconductor core and a thick semiconductor shell and can exhibit high extinction coefficients, high quantum yields, and limited or no detectable blinking.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are magic size nanoclusters comprising lead and one or more chalcogens. The disclosed magic size nanoclusters have both spectrally narrow fluorescence and ultra-high quantum efficiencies. Further disclosed herein is a method for preparing PbS, PbSe, and PbTe magic size nanoclusters. The yield of magic size nanoclusters can be increased by using anion sources enriched for secondary phosphines. The use of enriched secondary phosphine anion sources also increases the yield of quantum nanostructures.

Abstract: A method for the production of a robust, chemically stable, crystalline, passivated nanoparticle and composition containing the same, that emit light with high efficiencies and size-tunable and excitation energy tunable color. The methods include the thermal degradation of a precursor molecule in the presence of a capping agent at high temperature and elevated pressure. A particular composition prepared by the methods is a passivated silicon nanoparticle composition displaying discrete optical transitions.