Abstract: The invention relates to tacking devices for use in minimally invasive surgery that have a quantity indicator on a distal end that can be seen through a scope and that show a number of fasteners remaining in the device. A surgeon can watch the delivery of fasteners while simultaneously seeing f a number of fasteners remaining. This allows a hernia mesh to be properly fixed into place without going astray during the delicate initial placement procedure and also for even spacing of the fasteners on the mesh. The patient's post-operative recovery progresses well, and excessive pain is avoided. Methods of the invention include viewing the surgical site via the scope while also viewing the indicator via the scope.

Abstract: The arrangement in a tonometer has a probe that is brought into contact with the surface of the eye and the intraocular pressure in the eye is derived from the variations in the velocity of the probe. The probe is formed of a piece of a non-magnetic substance. The arrangement includes a holder located in the tubular component and attached to a shaft providing the force for the measurement, in which holder there is a guiding means for guiding a movement of the probe along an internal surface of the tubular component.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and software for controlling infusion pressure, such as during a medical procedure, using systemic blood pressure are described. Systemic blood pressure, such as brachial arm blood pressure or radial artery blood pressure, may be used to estimate central retinal artery blood pressure to estimate critical closing pressure. Further, the disclosure relates to controlling infusion pressure to prevent an increase in intraocular pressure above the estimated critical closing pressure when such is not desired, and, when such is desired, using systemic blood pressure and infusion pressure to control an intentional increase in intraocular pressure above the estimated critical closing pressure to stop intraocular bleeding.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting a surgical implement retained within a surgically exposed human body cavity, includes a tag adapted to be attached to a surgical implement insertable within a human body cavity, including a receiver for receiving an electromagnetic signal and converting it into electric signal; and a circuit to impress said electric signal on the internal human (or an animal) body where the medical product is used; and a transmitter to transmit the electromagnetic signal; and a detector including a receptor for receiving the electric signal from the body and a detector connected to the receptor for detecting the electric signal. The envelope of the induced RF wave is demodulated, thus allowing the voltage at the output to vary at a significantly lower frequency. In the event such pulses are sensed, a sensory alert is actuated.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring corneal resistance to deformation use an empirically derived function wherein an inward applanation pressure P1 and an outward applanation pressure P2 obtained during a corneal deformation cycle caused by a fluid pulse are separately weighted so as to minimize dependence of the calculated corneal resistance factor (CRF) on intraocular pressure. In one embodiment, the function is optimized, at least in part, to maximize statistical correlation between the calculated corneal resistance factor (CRF) and central corneal thickness.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting a surgical implement retained within a surgically exposed human body cavity, includes a tag adapted to be attached to a surgical implement insertable within a human body cavity, including a means for receiving an electromagnetic signal and converting it into electric signal; and a means to impress said electric signal on the internal human (or an animal) body where said medical product is used; and means to transmit said electromagnetic signal; and a detecting means including reception means for receiving the electric signal from the body and a detector means connected to the reception means for detecting the electric signal. The envelope of the induced RF wave is demodulated, thus allowing the voltage at the output to vary at a significantly lower frequency. In the event such pulses are sensed, a sensory alert is actuated.

Abstract: An applanation tonometry system, for measuring pressure within an eye, the tonometry system comprising: an applanation tonometer device for providing specific applanation pressure to a plurality of locations on an eye; an electrical process controller for measuring pressure within the eye; and a tonometer hands free holder adapted to secure the tonometer device over the eye whilst measuring the pressure within the eye.

Abstract: Methods and Systems for analyzing data of a user viewing a display of dynamic hypermedia pages through a browser including monitoring and storing location and time of the user's gaze as eyetracker data, processing the eyetracker data into fixation data, monitoring and storing content of the displayed pages into a memory, restoring the displayed pages from the memory, mapping the fixations data onto the restored pages to thereby identify elements-of-regard, and storing the identified elements-of-regard in an elements-of-regard database.

Abstract: Utilization of a contact device placed on the front part of the eye in order to detect physical and chemical parameters of the body as well as the non-invasive delivery of compounds according to these physical and chemical parameters, with signals preferably being transmitted continuously as electromagnetic waves, radio waves, infrared and the like. One of the parameters to be detected includes non-invasive blood analysis utilizing chemical changes and chemical products that are found in the front part of the eye and in the tear film. A transensor mounted in the contact device laying on the cornea or the surface of the eye is capable of evaluating and measuring physical and chemical parameters in the eye including non-invasive blood analysis. The system preferably utilizes eye lid motion and/or closure of the eye lid to activate a microminiature radio frequency sensitive transensor mounted in the contact device.

Abstract: Utilization of a contact device placed on the front part of the eye in order to detect physical and chemical parameters of the body as well as the non-invasive delivery of compounds according to these physical and chemical parameters, with signals preferably being transmitted continuously as electromagnetic waves, radio waves, infrared and the like. One of the parameters to be detected includes non-invasive blood analysis utilizing chemical changes and chemical products that are found in the front part of the eye and in the tear film. A transensor mounted in the contact device laying on the cornea or the surface of the eye is capable of evaluating and measuring physical and chemical parameters in the eye including non-invasive blood analysis. The system preferably utilizes eye lid motion and/or closure of the eye lid to activate a microminiature radio frequency sensitive transensor mounted in the contact device.

Abstract: A tonometer, for determining intraocular pressure, has a body, which can be a transparent, substantially tubular body. A plunger is located within the body and a coil spring acts between the body and the plunger. A marker member is frictionally retained within the body and is displaced relative to an external scale on the body. In use, the tonometer is brought up against the eyelid of a closed eye and the body displaced relative to the head of the plunger, until the pressure is sufficient to create a pressure phosphene. The device is then removed and the displacement of the marker member, indicative of the applied pressure is read. This reading corresponds to the intraocular pressure.

Abstract: Utilization of a contact device placed on the front part of the eye in order to detect physical and chemical parameters of the body as well as the non-invasive delivery of compounds according to these physical and chemical parameters, with signals preferably being transmitted continuously as electromagnetic waves, radio waves, infrared and the like. One of the parameters to be detected includes non-invasive blood analysis utilizing chemical changes and chemical products that are found in the front part of the eye and in the tear film. A transensor mounted in the contact device laying on the cornea or the surface of the eye is capable of evaluating and measuring physical and chemical parameters in the eye including non-invasive blood analysis. The system preferably utilizes eye lid motion and/or closure of the eye lid to activate a microminiature radio frequency sensitive transensor mounted in the contact device.

Abstract: Utilization of a contact device placed on the front part of the eye in order to detect physical and chemical parameters of the body as well as the non-invasive delivery of compounds according to these physical and chemical parameters, with signals preferably being transmitted continuously as electromagnetic waves, radio waves, infrared and the like. One of the parameters to be detected includes non-invasive blood analysis utilizing chemical changes and chemical products that are found in the front part of the eye and in the tear film. A transensor mounted in the contact device laying on the cornea or the surface of the eye is capable of evaluating and measuring physical and chemical parameters in the eye including non-invasive blood analysis. The system preferably utilizes eye lid motion and/or closure of the eye lid to activate a microminiature radio frequency sensitive transensor mounted in the contact device.

Abstract: A tonometer, for determining intraocular pressure, has a body, which can be a transparent, substantially tubular body. A plunger is located within the body and a coil spring acts between the body and the plunger. A marker member is frictionally retained within the body and is displaced relative to an external scale on the body. In use, the tonometer is brought up against the eyelid of a closed eye and the body displaced relative to the head of the plunger, until the pressure is sufficient to create a pressure phosphene. The device is then removed and the displacement of the marker member, indicative of the applied pressure is read. This reading corresponds to the intraocular pressure. The device may include a return member for returning the marker member to a zero or rest position.

Abstract: A tonometer system for measuring intraocular pressure by accurately providing a predetermined amount of applanation to the cornea and detecting the amount of force required to achieve the predetermined amount of applanation. The system is also capable of measuring intraocular pressure by indenting the cornea using a predetermined force applied using an indenting element and detecting the distance the indenting element moves into the cornea when the predetermined force is applied, the distance being inversely proportional to intraocular pressure. Also provided is a method of using the tonometer system to measure hydrodynamic characteristics of the eye, especially outflow facility. The tonometer system includes a contact device for placement in contact with the cornea and an actuation apparatus for actuating the contact device so that a portion thereof projects inwardly against the cornea to provide a predetermined amount of applanation.