Abstract: A process for the preparation of mixed crystals of 1,4-diketopyrrolo?3,4-c!pyrroles, consisting of 1 mol each of two different compounds of formula ##STR1## by heating a corresponding mixture in solid form to the temperature range from 220.degree. to 380.degree. C.A and B are, for example, each a group of formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently hydrogen, chloro, bromo, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylamino, phenyl or --CN,G is --O--, --NR.sub.7 --, --N.dbd.N-- or --SO.sub.2 --,R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen, and R.sub.7 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl.The mixed crystals and solid solutions obtained are excellently suited for pigmenting high molecular weight material.

Abstract: A peroxygen bleaching composition which comprises approximately by weight a mixture of about 1 to about 75% of an inorganic peroxygen bleaching compound; and about 1 to about 75% peroxygen ketalcycloalkanedione bleachant activator.

Abstract: The invention relates to polyhydric phenol compounds of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a saccharide moiety;A and B are hydrogen atoms or form together a C--C bond;R.sub.1 is a hydroxy group and R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom, orR.sub.1 and R.sub.2 form together an oxygen atom;Z is a hydroxy group, an amino group, a carboxy group or a N-(carboxymethyl)carbamoyl group;X* is a radioactive halogen isotope; andm and n are 0 or 1, with the proviso, that m is 1 if n is 0, andthat m is 0 if n is 1.The radiolabelled phenol compounds can be used for diagnosis and therapy.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a novel compound of formula ##STR1## in which R is a hydroxyl, alkyloxy, phenylalkyloxy or --NH--CH.sub.2 --COOH radical, R' and R" are identical and are each a hydroxy or methoxy radical and R'" represents a hydrogen, bromine, chlorine or iodine atom or a nitro radical. The invention is also directed to the salts of said compounds and their use.

Abstract: A method is provided for nonoxidatively cleaving the phosphorus-oxygen linkage of nucleic acids and certain anticholinesterases such as insecticides using a macrocyclic copper(II) complex. A composition suited for such cleavage is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to oxaphosphorins of the formula ##STR1## where Ar-Ar is 1-phenylnaphthyl or 1,1'-binaphthyl, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and are F, Cl, alkyl or alkoxy each having from I to 8 carbon atoms or substituted or unsubstituted aryl, a and b are identical or different and are each an integer from 0 to 4, or Ar-Ar is biphenyl, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and are substituted or unsubstituted aryl, a and b are as defined above, but a+b.gtoreq.1, X is Cl or Br and the Ar-P and Ar-O bonds are each arranged in the ortho position to the Ar-Ar bond.The invention further relates to a process for preparing these oxaphosphorins.

Abstract: Novel acceptor-donor-acceptor and donor-acceptor-donor compounds for use in forming a thermally-stable electro-optic waveguide are disclosed. Also disclosed is a thermally stable waveguide material containing thermally stable acceptor-donor-acceptor or donor-acceptor-donor guest dipole compounds in a temperature-resistant polymer matrix. The waveguide has selected regions in which the net dipoles of the guest molecules are oriented, for electro-optic switching when an electric field is placed across these regions.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel diastereomeric acid addition salts of homochiral hydroxylamines, to processes for obtaining such, to processes for the conversion thereof to the corresponding homochiral hydroxylamines, to certain novel homochiral hydroxylamines and the processes for using these as intermediates.

Abstract: Hybridization method for discriminating between complementarity and partial complementarity of DNA base sequences. Kinetic covalent entrapment of PCR-amplified target DNA is achieved through the use of crosslinkable probes. A crosslinking site is introduced into the target DNA via the PCR amplification process. Problems with renaturation of target DNA in the PCR process and in the hybridization reaction are minimized.

Abstract: This invention relates to certain 1,3,3-(trisubstituted)cyclohex-1-ene monomers and related compounds which are useful in treating allergic and inflammatory diseases and for inhibiting the production of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF).

Abstract: The invention provides lanthanide chelates capable of intense luminescence. The celates comprise a lanthanide chelator covalently joined to a coumarin-like or quinolone-like sensitizer. Exemplary sensitzers include 2- or 4-quinolones, 2- or 4-coumarins, or derivatives thereof e.g. carbostyril 124 (7-amino-4-methyl-2-quinolone), coumarin 120 (7-amino-4-methyl-2-coumarin), coumarin 124 (7-amino-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-coumarin), aminomethyltrimethylpsoralen, etc.The chelates form high affinity complexes with lanthanides, such as terbium or europium, through chelator groups, such as DTPA. The chelates may be coupled to a wide variety of compounds to create specific labels, probes, diagnostic and/or therapeutic reagents, etc. The chelates find particular use in resonance energy transfer between chelate-lanthanide complexes and another luminescent agent, often a fluorescent non-metal based resonance energy acceptor.

Abstract: A process for oxidizing a substrate susceptible to nucleophilic oxidation by reacting a bicaroate or monopersulfate solution with the substrate is disclosed. In one aspect, the substrate is introduced into the reaction mixture in an inert carrier gas, which can also serve to sweep the product out of the mixture. In a second aspect the oxidation solution is obtained by a two stage neutralization of a Caro's acid solution, the first stage to e.g. 0.5 to 2.0 and the second stage to about 7 to 9. In preferred embodiments, the substrate is introduced into partially neutralized Caro's acid, and the second stage neutralization in the presence of the substrate is most preferably carried out with an alkali salt such as sodium bicarbonate. The process can employ relatively low ratios of substrate: Caro's acid oxidant and homogeneous reaction conditions. The process is particularly useful for preparing dioxiranes from ketones.

Abstract: Novel compounds useful, for example, for the treatment of ischemic conditions and arrhythmia are disclosed. The compounds have the formula ##STR1## wherein X is oxygen or sulfur and the R groups are as defined herein.

Abstract: A modified alkali metal or ammonium huminate being made from molecules of the group consisting of ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are individually hydrogen or --OH, R.sub.2 is ##STR2## or --CH.sub.2 -- and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, --OH and --OCH.sub.3, with the proviso that R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are not all hydrogen at the same time and their preparation and their medical uses.

Abstract: A process for oxidizing cephalomannine and related taxanes in the presence of taxol is described. The process involves the use of ozone which is able to oxidize cephalomannine and easily oxidizable taxanes while leaving taxol essentially unchanged. Taxol can then be separated from the oxidized cephalomannine and other oxidized taxanes using conventional procedures. A process for oxidizing taxanes is also provided.

Abstract: A DNA sequencing system and method are described to detect the presence of radiant energy emitted from different excited reporter dye-labeled species (DNA fragments) following separation in time and/or space, and the identity of the species which emit radiant energy closely spaced in wavelength. Functions of the emitted energy are obtained which vary over the wavelengths of the closely spaced spectra in different senses and the functions ratioed, whereby the ratio is indicative of the identity of the DNA fragments.The emitting portion of the reporter-labeled DNA fragment is preferably one of a family of fluorescent dyes based on 9-carboxyethyl-6-hydroxy-3-oxo-3 H-xanthene. These xanthene dyes are covalently attached to the DNA fragments through the carboxylic acid functionality, preferably via an amide linkage. The dyes may be protected by including an alkoxy group at the 9-position. A spacer may be inserted between the dye and the amine.

Abstract: Novel fluorogenic ionophores have been synthesized which selectively bind ions such as potassium and sodium, even in neutral aqueous and alcoholic media and respond to such binding by fluorescence quenching or enhancement. These ionophores are ideal for the selective and direct determination of ions in biological or environmental samples and the like. The ionophores are also suitable for incorporation into fiber optic-based sensors for the continuous in vivo or in vitro monitoring of metal ions in blood or other biological fluids.

Abstract: A stable 1,2-dioxetane of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X' is a phenyl group with 0 to 2 Cl or I atoms. This 1,2-dioxetane is a double-trigger substrate. The 2-methyl-4-hydroxy-naphthyl group is first removed by horseradish peroxidase. The exposed phosphate group is then removed with alkaline phosphatase. The exposed phenoxy 1,2-dioxetane decomposes to generate chemiluminescence output in immunoassays or nucleic acid hybridization assays.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition comprising 1,3,5-trioxane, and more particularly a stability-improved trioxane composition.

Abstract: Alpha-L-Aspartyl-D-heteroaromatic-substituted glycine esters and amides are disclosed to be useful as high intensity sweeteners. These compounds can be used to sweeten a variety of foods, beverages and other oral products.

Abstract: A catalyst comprises sodium and cesium as a cationic component and chlorine as an anionic component in addition to silver which is a typical conventional catalyst component for the production of ethylene oxide by oxidation of ethylene. Use of the catalyst of the invention gives ethylene oxide at an improved selectivity.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising sodium and cesium as a cationic component and at least one of bromine and fluorine as an anionic component in addition to silver which is a typical conventional catalyst component for the production of ethylene oxide by oxidation of ethylene. Use of the catalyst of the invention gives ethylene oxide at an improved selectivity.

Abstract: Derivatives of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ketones having anticonvulsant activity and methods of their preparation from heterocyclic phosphonium salts and acyclic phosphoranes are disclosed.