Abstract: A method includes receiving monitoring data from at least one sensing device coupled to a subject and analyzing the monitoring data to identify one or more physiologic parameters of the subject. The method also includes providing signaling to at least one stimulating device in response to the identified physiologic parameters, the signaling comprising instructions to apply a stimulus to the subject. The method further includes receiving additional monitoring data from the at least one sensing device, analyzing the additional monitoring data to identify one or more changes in the one or more physiologic parameters of the subject after application of the stimulus to the subject, and providing additional signaling to the at least one stimulating device, the additional signaling comprising instructions to modify the stimulus applied to the subject based on the identified changes in the one or more physiologic parameters.

Abstract: The invention is based on a patient recruitment system (10) having at least one patient recruitment server (16), which comprises at least one search routine (70) that is provided to search for patient data records (32) on the basis of recruitment characteristics (66). It is proposed that the patient recruitment server (16) comprises a notification routine (82) which is provided to send a recruitment notification (76) regarding at least one patient data record (32) found on the basis of the recruitment characteristics (66).

Abstract: A system for quantifying risk associated with preclinical indicators of one or more clinical skin conditions, the system is formed of a plurality of measurement tools in connection with a processor, the measurement tools configured to various pre-clinical indicators of the skin health of a subject' hand, where the processor is configured to calculate a score based on the combined data from the plurality of measurement tools, this score being representative of the subject's risk of future development of one or more clinical skin conditions.

Abstract: Aspects relate to systems and methods for determining actor status according to behavioral phenomena. An exemplary system includes at least an eye sensor, wherein the at least an eye sensor is configured to detect an eye parameter and at least a physiological sensor, wherein the at least a physiological sensor is configured to detect a circulatory parameter, and a processor in communication with the at least an eye speech sensor and the at least a physiological sensor and configured to determine an eye pattern as a function of the eye parameter and correlate the eye pattern and the circulatory parameter to a cognitive status.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and storage media useful in a healthcare computing platform to build and publish an integrated medical consultation report to a patient's primary electronic medical record are provided. The integrated medical consultation report presents up-to-date objective medical factors from the patient's medical record concurrently with a subjective medical summary from an authoring clinician. The integrated medical consultation report is stored as a unique medical document in the patient's primary electronic record.

Abstract: A system for classification to prognostic labels includes a classification device configured to receive a first training set including a plurality of first data entries, each including at least an element of physiological state data and at least a correlated first prognostic label and a second training set including a plurality of second data entries, each including at least a second prognostic label and at least a correlated ameliorative process label, to record at least a physiological test sample, and to transmit the prognostic and ameliorative outputs to a user device. The system includes a prognostic label learner configured to generate the prognostic output as a function of the first training set and the physiological test sample and an ameliorative process label learner configured to generate the ameliorative output as a function of the second training set and the prognostic output.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring blood oxygen saturation of a subject is provided. The apparatus includes a unit configured for wearing on the subject's upper arm, the unit comprising first and second light sources configured to emit light of first and second wavelengths and a photodetector configured to detect light of the first and second wavelengths, where the light sources are arranged to direct light into the upper arm and the photodetector is arranged to detect light reflected from within the upper arm.

Abstract: A method for power management of a wearable device or an implantable device comprising a sensor, the sensor configured for providing a physiological information of a user, the sensor being further configured to be operated in at least two power modes comprising a first power mode and a second power mode, wherein in the first power mode the physiological information of the user is gathered and in the second power mode the sensor consumes less power than in the first power mode, the method comprising: receiving a signal being indicative of whether a health device which is configured to treat a health condition of the user is in use, wherein the health device is positioned at a different location with respect to the user than the wearable device or the implantable device; and based on the signal operating the sensor for a time duration in the first power mode; and operating the sensor in the second power mode thereafter.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for coordinating service for a user assigned to a service unit of a service facility. The techniques include receiving user data associated with the user, or resource status data associated with a status of a resource. The techniques further include determining a classification of the user based on the user data, the classification corresponding to a condition or service status of the user. The user may then be assigned to a user group based on the classification of the user. The user group may be associated with a recommendation for treating the user. The resource may also be assigned to a resource group based on the resource status data. The techniques further include generating a visual representation of at least a portion of the service unit based on the assigned user group or assigned resource group, and providing the visual representation to a user device for presentation.

Abstract: A subcutaneously implantable device includes a housing, a first prong, and a second prong. A first electrode on the first prong is configured to contact the first lung. A second electrode on the device is configured to contact the first lung or a second lung. A third electrode on the second prong is configured to contact the heart or the tissue surrounding the heart. Sensing circuitry in the housing in electrical communication with the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode is configured to measure an impedance in the first lung and/or the second lung, and/or a transthoracic impedance across the first lung and the second lung through the first electrode and the second electrode, and to measure an electrical signal from the heart through the third electrode.

Abstract: A healthcare management system for a healthcare team caring for a patient to serve a healthcare need of the patient includes a wearable sensor worn by the patient for obtaining healthcare data from the patient; a healthcare clinical system having an healthcare analysis subsystem for analyzing the healthcare data; and a relay device in communication selectively with the wearable sensor and the healthcare clinical system. The healthcare analysis subsystem includes an artificial intelligence (AI) engine, the AI engine having a plurality of clinical analysis modules, each clinical analysis module is directed to a respective predetermined medical area, the respective clinical analysis module analyzing the healthcare data with a respective learned algorithm directed to the respective predetermined medical area.

Abstract: Apparatus for assessing medical risks of a patient includes an analytics engine and equipment that provides data to the analytics engine. The analytics engine analyzes the data from the equipment to determine a sepsis risk score, a falls risk score, and a pressure injury score. The apparatus further include displays that are communicatively coupled to the analytics engine and that display the sepsis, falls, and pressure injury risk scores. The displays include a status board display located at a master nurse station, an in-room display provided by a room station of a nurse call system, an electronic medical records (EMR) display of an EMR computer, and a mobile device display of a mobile device of a caregiver assigned to the patient.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling measurement units for a medical scale. One system includes a removable head unit configured to couple to a medical scale platform. The removable head unit includes a human machine interface (HMI) and an electronic processor coupled to the human machine interface. The electronic processor is configured to receive, via the HMI, a first user input selecting a permanent lock mode. The electronic processor is configured to, in response to receiving the user input, present a first authentication request and receive a second user input including a first authentication token. The electronic processor is configured to, when the first authentication token is valid, present a measurement unit selection prompt. The electronic processor is configured to receive a second user input selecting a measurement unit and, in response to receiving the second user input, activate the permanent lock mode based on the selected measurement unit.

Abstract: System and method for recipe discovery and consumption logging. Improved solutions enable intelligent management of a user's personal fitness journey i.e., based on their overall health in their exercise and dietary habits. In one exemplary embodiment, recipes may be curated and tagged from a variety of sources such as health and fitness blogs and/or other articles of interest. Recipe tagging ensures that users can retrieve only the specific recipes of interest to them from a variety of sources which may be focused on the public at large. Additionally, the recipe discovery and consumption logging interface may enable users to log actual consumption activity for a selected recipe, including ad hoc user modifications to recipe ingredients.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are techniques related to safeguards against separation from portable medicine delivery devices. In some embodiments, the techniques may involve monitoring a wireless connection established between a portable computing device and a portable medicine delivery device. The techniques may also involve making a determination, based on the result of the monitoring, that the portable medicine delivery device is outside a predetermined range of the portable computing device. The techniques may further involve generating a notification based on the determination. The notification may be indicative of a user of the portable computing device being unaccompanied by the portable medicine delivery device.

Abstract: A method and system for providing therapy to an individual, the method comprising: transmitting a log of use dataset associated with communication behavior of the individual during a time period; receiving a supplementary dataset characterizing mobility of the individual in association with the time period; generating a survey dataset upon retrieving responses provided by the individual to at least one of a set of surveys, associated with a set of time points of the time period; generating a predictive model from a passive dataset derived from the log of use dataset and the supplementary dataset and the survey dataset; generating a report summarizing a mental health state of the individual, associated with at least a portion of the time period, from the passive dataset, the survey dataset, and an output of the predictive model; and rendering information from the report to a coach associated with the individual.

Abstract: A method of generating a consciousness affect is described. The method includes: (i) receiving, from a client device, a first and a second consciousness inputs, wherein the client device is associated with one or more users and the two consciousness inputs are different from each other; (ii) calculating a consciousness affect for one or more of the users; (iii) storing, in memory of the server and/or the client device, the consciousness affect; and (iv) wherein the first consciousness input includes at least one input chosen from a group comprising emotional state input, reasoned input, location information input, physical awareness input and spiritual insight input, and the second consciousness input is at least one input chosen from a group comprising reasoned input, location information input, physical awareness input and spiritual insight input.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for detecting and analyzing user reactions to messages received. One of the methods includes obtaining reaction data characterizing a reaction of a first user to a communication sent by a second user using a first communication service, wherein the first communication service allows users to react to received communications by selecting from a predetermined set of proprietary reactions that are supported by the first communication service; analyzing the reaction data to generate standardized reaction data that characterizes a sentiment of the reaction of the first user to the communication; mapping the standardized reaction data to one or more proprietary reactions from the predetermined set of proprietary reactions that are supported by the first communication service; and providing, to the first communication service, data identifying the one or more proprietary reactions.

Abstract: A digitally controlled oscillator (100), a synthesizer module (200), a synthesizer (300), and a method for producing an electrical audio signal are presented. The oscillator (100) comprises a digital processing unit (10) configured to generate a first pulse wave at a first output (PulseUp) of the processing unit (10), wherein the first pulse wave is arranged to include pulses at at least two different frequencies. The oscillator (100) further comprises a summing circuit (30) and a linear wave shaper (20). The output (PulseUp) of the processing unit (10) is connected to the summing circuit (30) which is arranged to produce a resultant signal based on at least the first pulse wave. The resultant signal is arranged to be fed into the linear wave shaper (20) which is arranged to produce an output signal at the output (OUT) of the oscillator (100) based on modifying the resultant signal.

Abstract: Many physical therapy practitioners have not adopted telehealth because of practical, regulatory and/or payor/reimbursement complexities. Systems and methods described herein can facilitate the adaptation of telehealth in physical therapy. A unique first virtual physical therapy session for a first patient (at a first location) using a first instance of a physical therapy system can be conducted by a practitioner (at a location) at a time in a first channel. A a unique second virtual physical therapy appointment for a second patient (at a second location) using a second instance of the physical therapy system can be conducted by the practitioner (at the location) at the time in a second channel. The practitioner monitors the first channel and the second channel during the time in order to coach, correct, and/or counsel the first patient and the second patient.

Abstract: In a method and system for managing a social group, the method includes determining a group member behavior from a member position relative to the social group, and inferring a member state from the member behavior. Spatial, spatio-temporal, and biometric data may be used. A social group management system includes an inference engine that infers a member state from the behavior of a monitored member. Another social group management method includes characterizing a first monitored member of the social group as a first discrete element; characterizing at least a second monitored member of the social group as at least a second discrete element; and determining a characteristic displacement between the first monitored member and at least the second monitored member in accordance with a discrete element method.

Abstract: A system and a method for managing patient therapy protocols are disclosed. The system includes a patient support apparatus for supporting a patient, a first input device for use by a first caregiver, a location system for determining a location of the first caregiver, and a therapy management system. The therapy management system receives a location of the first caregiver and a selection of a patient therapy protocol, which includes a location requirement. The therapy management system then determines whether the first caregiver location input signal satisfies the location requirement before initiating the selected patient therapy protocol or notifying the second caregiver if the location of the first caregiver does not satisfy the location requirement.

Abstract: Chatbots may be integrated into a customer service workflow and assist a user before, during and after a user-agent interaction. The chatbot may assist an agent during a user-agent interaction. The chatbot may provide customized responses for a target agent or user. Customized responses may be formulated based on conversation context, account information, sentiment and diagnostic tools. Chabot responses may be customized to meet habits and patterns of a target agent or user. The chatbot may crowdsource questions to other agents or users. The chatbot may employ search engines, entity and slot extraction and heat maps and clustering analysis to generate relevant responses for the agent or user.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating bio-information may include a sensor configured to obtain a bio-signal from an object, and a processor configured to obtain a second-order differential signal of the bio-signal, and extract a progressive wave component from the bio-signal using, based on a first local minimum point of the second-order differential signal being stable, the first local minimum point of the second-order differential signal, or extract the progressive wave component from the bio-signal using, based on the first local minimum point of the second-order differential signal being unstable, a maximum amplitude point in a systolic portion of the bio-signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to a system and method for detecting or indicating a state of impairment of a test subject or user due to drugs or alcohol, and more particularly to a method, system and application or software program configured to creating a virtual-reality (“VR”) environment that implements drug and alcohol impairment tests, and which utilizes eye tracking technology to detect or indicate impairment.

Abstract: Systems and methods to detect pneumonia in cardiovascular patients are disclosed, including receiving physiologic information of a patient from an ambulatory medical device (AMD), the physiologic information comprising respiration information of the patient, and determining a pneumonia score of the patient using the received respiration information.

Abstract: Computer-implemented tools, techniques, and algorithms are provided for meeting financial targets in connection with medical procedures (e.g., surgical operations) performed by a healthcare entity. A method for restructuring classification of multiple medical procedures for a healthcare entity may be provided in which medical procedure data including charge related data are collected in association with multiple patient encounters for a medical procedure. A data model is created from the collected data and a predetermined number of procedure charge levels are generated each in association with an acuity resource value range. Each medical procedure is then reclassified into one of the procedure charge levels in accordance with at least one level assignment rule. This reclassification can then be processed to determine whether it results in a predetermined desired data distribution and/or meets financial targets for the medical procedure charge data.

Abstract: In an example embodiment, a request is received, via a graphical user interface, to add a new object to a directory of objects, the new object having a first category in a hierarchical taxonomy of categories and objects. Then one or more questions previously assigned to the first category and/or one or more existing objects within the first category are retrieved. Each of the retrieved one or more questions and information about the new object are then fed into a first machine learned model trained to output a probability that a question is applicable to an object. One or more questions are generated for the new object based on the probability for each of the retrieved one or more questions. At least one of the one or more generated questions is then assigned to the new object.

Abstract: A system, method and apparatus is disclosed, comprising a biomathetical model for optimizing cognitive performance in the face of sleep deprivation that integrates novel and nonobvious biomathematical models for quantifying performance impairment for both chronic sleep restriction and total sleep deprivation; the dose-dependent effects of caffeine on human vigilance; and the pheonotypical response of a particular user to caffeine dosing, chronic sleep restriction and total sleep deprivation in user-friendly software application which itself may be part of a networked system.

Abstract: One example method includes receiving a code request, parsing code associated with the code request, storing, in a staging database, a portion of the code, traversing a codebase to identify any code in the codebase that matches the portion of the code, and when code is found in the codebase that matches the portion of the code, incrementing a green count and pushing the portion of the code to a redundant code bin, and when no code is found in the codebase that matches the portion of the code, incrementing a red counter and updating the codebase to include the portion of the code.

Abstract: Implementations described herein disclose a method of classifying oxygen level desaturation events. In one implementation, the method includes receiving input signal sequences, the input signals indicative of a physiological condition of a patient, generating an input sequence of oxygen saturation levels based on the input signal sequence, comparing the input sequence of oxygen saturation levels to a desaturation alarm threshold to determine a desaturation event, generating an input feature matrix based on at least one of the input signal sequences and the input sequence of oxygen saturation levels, and classifying based on the input feature matrix, using a neural network, the desaturation event being a severe desaturation event (SDE) or a non-severe desaturation event (non-SDE).

Abstract: Generally, the method provides an interface for clinical research organizations to estimate, in real-time, an eligible patient population for a clinical study, as well as a point-of-care interface that can alert patients of their eligibility in a clinical study. Thus, the method provides improved identification of clinical cohorts and can quickly match patients with clinical studies that fit their medical needs.

Abstract: A method and a system for detecting blepharoptosis are disclosed. The method and the system include image capturing via a camera to generate three eye images; executing an image processing on the eye images to generate the corresponding border images; executing an image computing on the eye image and the corresponding border image to obtain a plurality of characteristic variables; performing a calculation according to the plurality of characteristic variables to obtain a characteristic parameter set; and comparing the characteristic parameter set with a preset blepharoptosis criteria information to obtain a blepharoptosis severity and a levator function.

Abstract: A system for an artificial intelligence fitness professional support network for vibrant constitutional guidance includes a computing device configured to obtain at least a biological extraction from a user, receive a user request, determine a fitness regimen, wherein determining the fitness regimen further comprises generating a diagnostic output as a function of the at least a biological extraction, and determining the fitness regimen as a function of the user request and the diagnostic output, and output the fitness regimen.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are devices, systems, methods and platforms for continuously monitoring the health status of a user, for example the cardiac health status. The present disclosure describes systems, methods, devices, software, and platforms for continuously monitoring a user's low-fidelity health-indicator data (for example and without limitation PPG signals, heart rate or blood pressure) from a user-device in combination with corresponding (in time) data related to factors that may impact the health-indicator (“other-factors”) to determine whether a user has normal health as judged by or compared to, for example and not by way of limitation, either (i) a group of individuals impacted by similar other-factors, or (ii) the user him/herself impacted by similar other-factors.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for remote medical monitoring. In one implementation, a method includes monitoring a first medical condition of an individual, the monitoring being initiated remotely by a monitoring service, receiving a query relating to a second medical condition of the individual, transmitting a response to the query to the monitoring service, receiving a prompt from the monitoring service, and transmitting a response to the prompt to the monitoring service. The query is received from the monitoring service. The prompt is designed to provoke a particular action.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an integrated sleep diagnosis and treatment device, and more particularly to an integrated apnea diagnosis and treatment device. The present invention additionally relates to method of sleep diagnosis and treatment.

Abstract: A medical services kiosk supporting private and secure telemedicine sessions between a patient and a remote network terminal utilized by a remote health care professional. The medical services kiosk comprising at least one privacy chamber having at least one door and at least one window. Each privacy chamber may include a user interactive display terminal that includes a display device, an input device, and a centralized processor, wherein the centralized processor is electronically communicable with the remote network terminal and a cloud based system. Each patient station may each include at least one documentation receiving device, at least one biometric device for obtaining biometric health measurements of the patient utilizing the at least one patient station, an arm mechanism, a seating mechanism, a camera, a retractable diagnostic camera device, a lighting mechanism that lights the privacy chamber, and a purification system.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for contextually controlling a surgical device is disclosed. The method includes receiving, by a computer system, perioperative data from the surgical device, the perioperative data associated with a surgical procedure; receiving, by the computer system, images from a scope, the images visualizing the surgical device during the surgical procedure; determining, by the computer system, an attribute of the surgical device from the images; determining, by the computer system, procedural context data based at least on the perioperative data and the attribute of the surgical device; and controlling, by the computer system, the surgical device according to the procedural context data.

Abstract: A method of controlling a robotic arm in a surgical system comprises manually applying a force to a body of the robotic arm. Force information is received from ae force sensor on the robotic arm and a controller determines, using the force information, whether the force is a gesture force input. If the force is determined to be a gesture force input, the controller initiates electromechanical movement of the manipulator arm to a draping configuration, instrument attachment configuration, storage configuration, or home configuration.

Abstract: A computational evidence platform extracts clinical concepts from medical evidence sources and creates a database of elemental diagnostic factors and elemental investigations links to medical conditions. Input from a person groups factors and investigations makes corrections and adds a ranking. Elemental factors and investigations do not include information specific to their associated conditions but include synonyms and a link to a medical ontology. A patient state is determined by extracting patient known diagnostic factors and investigation results from the patient chart. These known factors and results are matched to the database and a ranking of likely conditions are output. Next-best actions per condition are output by determining factors not yet known and investigations not yet performed. Next-best actions across conditions are determined by performing a recursive tree search of the database and assuming that unknown factors are now known to generate a score for each assumption.

Abstract: A patient monitoring system helps staff personnel, clinicians and physicians who are making their rounds of patients quickly and accurately enter their reports of patient observations. The patient monitoring system has a monitoring device carried by the staff personnel as they make their rounds which wirelessly communicates with a central server. The monitoring device is populated with patient profile information saved within a centralized server when the monitoring device is in operative communication with the central server and allows the rounding personnel to report their observations back to the server. The monitoring device can also scan a code from a proximity device attached to the patient. The patient information and reported observations are stored by the server in a patient database and are not stored by the monitoring device or by the proximity device which reduces the risk that the patient information will be lost, stolen, or otherwise compromised.

Abstract: Systems and method for providing regulated muscle stimulation as part of an opioid detoxification therapy are disclosed. Instructions regarding regulated stimulations, visualizations, and parameters are received for stages of a therapy program. Regulated stimulation is administered at a muscle stimulation device and a visualization is display at an electronic display for the stage the user is at. If received biofeedback is within a parameter for the stage, positive visual feedback is displayed and the user is advanced to the next stage. If biofeedback received outside of the parameter, other visual feedback is displayed and further stimulation is ceased until biofeedback within the parameter is received.

Abstract: A biometric imaging and biotelemetry (BIB) system is provided that may be configured to capture, analyze, and process qualitative and quantitative biomarker data acquired from the process of imaging individuals. The BIB system can rapidly measure facial and other body temperatures of a test subject, along with a plurality of other biometric parameters that may be compiled into a subject-specific health profile which, in turn, may provide insights into the wellness or illness of the individual. The BIB system captures biometric data by appropriately configured, multispectral, high resolution digital cameras and sensors. This data is then interconnected to data processing units that employ algorithms, artificial intelligence, and self-learning/deep learning to analyze and process data, render decisions, and manage actions via complex analytical methodologies. The BIB system provides essentially instantaneous analyses that give real-time insights into the wellness or illness of a test subject.

Abstract: A method and apparatus (100) are provided for detecting tiredness of a vehicle driver. The apparatus (100) is configured to receive a signal from at least one microphone (104), to acquire a time characteristic of yawning actions in the signal, and to use an analysis of the time characteristic to detect or not detect a tiredness of the driver (106) from a frequency of yawning, a yawn intensity and/or a temporal compression between successive yawning actions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a modular, portable and rapidly deployable system for health assessment comprising a portable, rapidly deployable structure configured to provide immediate and real-time clinical prevention assessment services, which system allows for rapid assembly and disassembly, immediate deployment to even highly remote locations, and provides basic clinical prevention data and screening for a patient user, along with health education and awareness. In certain configurations, the system comprises modular walls that connect to one another to form the shell of a structure, and a plurality of medical instruments, all of which are configured for self-administration by a medically-untrained user. The user may engage one or more user interface devices that guide the user through the use of each medical instrument and collect the user's clinical data for analysis.

Abstract: A method is provided for constructing a structured test having user-defined adherence criteria. The method includes: presenting a patient with a plurality of contextual criterion for a structured test; receiving selection of one or more contextual criterion from the plurality of contextual criterion; and constructing a structured test that includes the contextual criterion selected by the patient. During administration of the structured test, each of the contextual criteria selected by the patient is evaluated. Sample data acquired during the structured test is reported as compliant when each of the context criterion selected by the patient was met during the administration of the structured test or tagged as non-compliant when at least one contextual criterion was not met during the administration of the structured test.

Abstract: A depression scoring system obtains data from a large population of individuals including data about each of a plurality of different activities in relevant categories, and information about each of the individuals. Cohorts of individuals are defined as individuals who have similar statistical characteristics such as similar age, socioeconomic status, and sex. For each of the cohorts, a distribution of the data is obtained, and the scores of the top n %, e.g., 25% is set as a goal for the remaining members of the cohort. These goals are incrementally set and personalized for individual users to easily meet. This process is repeated constantly.

Abstract: Devices and methods for mobile monitoring of a drainage catheter are provided. A device may be configured to perform an operation of rendering a user interface. The user interface may be configured to provide an output interface configured to prompt a user to input catheter use information, catheter use information being information related to using the catheter to drain fluid from the patient. The user interface may be configured to provide an input interface for the user to input catheter use information. The device may be further configured to receive catheter use information input by the user through the user interface. The device may be further configured to generate catheter management information based upon the received catheter use information. A method for mobile monitoring of a drainage catheter may include using a processor to perform the steps the device is configured to perform.

Abstract: A computer-assisted method to timely provide notifications of treatments, the method including receiving de-identified longitudinal medical records, receiving notification data, identifying anonymized patients that received the treatment, identifying notifications for the treatment that were received by the recipients, determining, for each of the identified notifications, whether the recipient is an anonymized patient identified as having received the treatment, determining, for each of the identified notifications for the treatment determined to be received by a recipient that is an anonymized patient identified as having received the treatment, a time relationship between the time when the treatment was received by the anonymized patient and the time that the notification was received by the recipient that is the anonymized patient, and determining, for each of the anonymized patients that received the treatment, associations between one or more time relationships for notifications received by the anonymiz